Biophysics Seminar Thursday, 20 November 2007 @ 12:30pm in P8445.2 Edgar Young Biological Sciences, SFU COMPLEX VOLTAGE-ACTIVATION OF PACEMAKER CHANNELS Hyperpolarization-gated Cation (HCN, or "pacemaker") channels represent an especially complex example of dual allosteric modulation, since their opening is promoted by both membrane hyperpolarization and cAMP binding. Traditionally, a simplifying approach has been taken, that assumes the cAMP- and voltage-modulation mechanisms can operate more or less independently. However, this assumption, as well as some other traditional simplifying assumptions, has recently been shown to be incorrect by some workers (us included). I will outline some of the surprising and complex features of the mechanism of these channels, along with our recent findings that we foresee could open new lines of investigation.