SAS Companion for the CMS Environment |
|
EBCDIC and Character Data |
The following
character formats produce different results on different computing platforms,
depending on which character-encoding system the platform uses. Because CMS
uses the EBCDIC character-encoding system, all of the following formats convert
data from EBCDIC.
These formats are not discussed in detail in this section
because the EBCDIC character-encoding system is their only host-specific aspect.
- $ASCIIw.
- converts EBCDIC character data to ASCII
character data.
- $BINARYw.
- converts EBCDIC character data to binary
values.
-
$CHARw.
- writes standard character data.
-
EBCDICw.
- converts native format character data to
EBCDIC representation.
- $HEXw.
- converts EBCDIC character data to hexadecimal
data.
- $OCTALw.
- converts EBCDIC character data to octal
data.
-
VARYINGw.
- writes varying-length character values.
-
$w.
- writes standard character data.
All the information that you need in order to use these
formats under CMS is included in
SAS Language Reference: Dictionary.
|
Floating-Point Number Format and Portability |
The manner in
which CMS stores floating-point numbers can affect
your data. See Representation of Floating-Point Numbers
for details.
If
a SAS program that writes binary data is run on only one type of machine,
you can use the following native-mode formats. Native mode means that these
formats use the byte-ordering system and floating-point representation which
are standard for the machine.
If you want to
write SAS programs that
can be run on multiple machines that use different byte-storage systems, then
use the following IBM 370 formats:
- S370FIBw.d
-
writes integer binary data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FIBU
-
writes unsigned integer binary data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FPDw.d
-
writes packed decimal data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FPDU
-
writes unsigned packed decimal data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FPIBw.d
-
writes positive integer binary data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FRBw.d
-
writes real binary data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FZD
-
writes zoned decimal data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FZDL
-
writes zoned decimal leading sign data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FZDS
-
writes zoned decimal separate leading sign data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FZDT
-
writes zoned decimal separate trailing sign data in the IBM mainframe format
- S370FZDU
-
writes unsigned zoned decimal data in the IBM mainframe format.
These IBM 370 formats enable you to write SAS programs
that can be run in any SAS environment, regardless of the standard for storing
numeric data. They also enhance your ability to port raw data between host
operating environments.
For more information about the IBM 370 formats, see
SAS Language Reference: Dictionary.
Copyright 1999 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.