| SAS Language Reference: Dictionary |
Some changes and enhancements that were implemented
for other operating environments in the 6.10, 6.11, and 6.12 releases were
not implemented for OS/390, CMS, and OpenVMS VAX until Version 7. This section
describes these additional features.
|
| New and Enhanced Base SAS Language Elements |
Formats
The following formats are new:
- DATEAMPMw.d
- writes datetime values (ddmmmyy:hh:mm:ss.ss) with AM or
PM.
- NUMXw.d
- writes numeric values with a comma for the
decimal point.
- TIMEAMPMw.d
- writes hours, minutes, and seconds with
AM or PM.
Functions and CALL Routines
- The following CALL routine is new:
- CALL
SET
- links SAS data set variables to DATA step
or macro variables of the same name and data type.
- These data set I/O functions are
new:
- ATTRC
- returns the value of a character attribute
for a SAS data set.
- ATTRN
- returns the value of a numeric attribute
for a SAS data set.
- CLOSE
- closes a SAS data set.
- CUROBS
- returns the observation number of the current
observation.
- DROPNOTE
- deletes a note marker from a SAS data set
or an external file.
- DSNAME
- returns the data set name that is associated
with a data set identifier.
- EXIST
- verifies the existence of a SAS data library
member.
- FETCH
- reads the next nondeleted observation from
a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV).
- FETCHOBS
- reads a specified observation from a SAS
data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV).
- NOTE
- returns an observation ID for the current
observation of a SAS data set.
- OPEN
- opens a SAS data set.
- POINT
- locates an observation that is identified
by the NOTE function.
- REWIND
- positions the data set pointer at the beginning
of a SAS data set.
- These external file I/O functions are
new:
- DCLOSE
- closes a directory.
- DINFO
- returns information about a directory.
- DNUM
- returns the number of members in a directory.
- DOPEN
- opens a directory.
- DOPTNAME
- returns directory attribute information.
- DOPTNUM
- returns the number of information items
available for a directory.
- DREAD
- returns the name of a directory member.
- FAPPEND
- appends the current record to the end of
an external file.
- FCLOSE
- closes an external file, directory, or directory
member.
- FCOL
- returns the current column position in the
File Data Buffer (FDB).
- FDELETE
- deletes an external file.
- FEXIST
- verifies the existence of an external file
that is associated with a fileref.
- FGET
- copies data from the File Data Buffer (FDB)
into a variable.
- FILEEXIST
- verifies the existence of an external file
by its physical name.
- FILENAME
- assigns or deassigns a fileref for an external
file, directory, or output device.
- FILEREF
- verifies that a fileref has been assigned
for the current SAS session.
- FINFO
- returns a file information item.
- FNOTE
- identifies the last record that was read.
- FOPEN
- opens an external file.
- FOPTNAME
- returns the name of an item of information
about a file.
- FOPTNUM
- returns the number of information items
that are available about an external file.
- FPOINT
- positions the read pointer on the next record
to be read.
- FPOS
- sets the position of the column pointer
in the File Data Buffer (FDB).
- FPUT
- moves data to the File Data Buffer (FDB)
of an external file starting at the FDB's current column position.
- FREAD
- reads a record from an external file into
the File Data Buffer (FDB).
- FREWIND
- positions the file pointer at the start
of the file.
- FRLEN
- returns the size of the last record read,
or, if the file is opened for output, returns the current record size.
- FSEP
- sets the token delimiters for the FGET function.
- FWRITE
- writes a record to an external file.
- MOPEN
- opens a file by directory ID and member
name.
- PATHNAME
- returns the physical name of a SAS data
library or an external file.
- The following new functions are for libraries
and catalogs:
- CEXIST
- verifies the existence of a SAS catalog
or SAS catalog entry and returns a value.
- LIBNAME
- assigns or deassigns a libref for a SAS
data library and returns a value.
- LIBREF
- verifies that a libref has been assigned
and returns a value.
- The following are new special
functions:
- GETOPTION
- returns the value of a SAS system option
or graphics option.
- SPEDIS
- returns the likelihood of two words matching,
expressed as the asymmetric spelling distance between two words.
- SYSGET
- returns the value of the specified operating
environment variable.
- SYSMSG
- returns the text of error messages or warning
messages from the last data set or external file function execution.
- SYSRC
- returns a system error number.
- These new functions return information about
variables:
- GETVARC
- returns the value of a SAS data set character
variable.
- GETVARN
- returns the value of a SAS data set numeric
variable.
- VARFMT
- returns the format that is assigned to a
SAS data set variable.
- VARINFMT
- returns the informat that is assigned to
a SAS data set variable.
- VARLABEL
- returns the label that is assigned to a
SAS data set variable.
- VARLEN
- returns the length of a SAS data set variable.
- VARNAME
- returns the name of a SAS data set variable.
- VARNUM
- returns the number of a SAS data set variable's
position in a SAS data set.
- VARTYPE
- returns the data type of a SAS data set
variable.
- The following new functions are used in probability
and statistics:
- CDF
- computes cumulative distribution functions.
- LOGPDF | LOGPMF
- computes the logarithm of a probability
(mass) function.
- LOGSDF
- computes the logarithm of a survival function.
- PDF | PMF
- computes probability density (mass) functions.
- SDF
- computes a survival function.
Informats
The following informat is
new:
- NUMXw.d
- reads numeric values in which a comma marks
the decimal place.
Statements
The FILENAME statement has been updated with a CATALOG
access method and a URL access method.
Copyright 1999 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.
