The UNIVARIATE procedure provides data summarization tools,
high-resolution graphics displays, and information on the distribution of
numeric variables. For example, PROC UNIVARIATE
- calculates descriptive statistics based on moments
- calculates the median, mode, range, and
quantiles
- calculates the robust estimates of location and scale
- calculates confidence limits
- tabulates extreme observations
and extreme values
- generates frequency tables
- plots the data distribution
- performs tests for location and
normality
- performs goodness-of-fit tests for fitted parametric and nonparametric
distributions.
- creates histograms and optionally superimposes density curves
for fitted continuous distributions (beta, exponential, gamma, lognormal,
and Weibull) and for kernel density estimates
- creates quantile-quantile plots and probability plots for various
theoretical distributions and optionally superimposes a reference line that
corresponds to the specified or estimated location and scale parameters for
the theoretical distribution
- creates one-way and two-way comparative histograms, comparative
quantile-quantile plots, and comparative probability plots
- insets tables of statistics in the graphical displays (high-resolution
graphs)
- creates output data sets with requested statistics, histogram
intervals, and parameters of the fitted distributions.
The Default Univariate Analysis shows a default univariate analysis
for student exam scores. The statements that produce the output follow:
options pagesize=36;
proc univariate data=score;
run;
By default, the tests for location examine the hypothesis that
the mean is equal to zero. Optionally, you can request a test for the hypothesis
that the mean is equal to a specified value
![[IMAGE]](./images/leqn604.gif)
.
A Univariate Analysis with Tests for Normality and Plots of the Data Distribution and
An Output Data Set That Contains Univariate Statistics are the result of
a more extensive univariate analysis. The analysis examines the data distribution
of student exam scores and creates an output data set that saves percentiles
that were not computed by default. The statements that produce the analysis
also
- specify the null hypothesis for the tests for locations
- perform tests for normality
- plot the data
distribution
- specify the analysis variables
- request confidence limits for parameters and quantiles
- list the five highest and
lowest extreme values
- print an output data set that contains percentiles.
For an explanation of the program that produces both these
reports,
see Examining the Data Distribution and Saving Percentiles .
The Default Univariate Analysis
![[HTML Output]](../common/images/outhtml.gif)
![[Listing Output]](../common/images/outlist.gif)
A Univariate Analysis with Tests for Normality and Plots of the Data Distribution
An Output Data Set That Contains Univariate Statistics
Copyright 1999 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.
