Economics 855                                                                                                     Prof. Alexander Karaivanov

Theories of Economic Development                                                                                              Spring 2009

http://www.sfu.ca/~akaraiva                                                                                                   akaraiva@sfu.ca

Office: WMX 3629                                                                                   Office Hours: Wed. 11.30-12.20 pm

 

 

SYLLABUS

 

Organization

The webpage for the course is:

http://www.sfu.ca/~akaraiva/e855.html

All course materials and announcements will be posted on the webpage in pdf or html format.

           

Grading

This is a seminar style course so active student participation in class will be encouraged and rewarded. In addition, each of you will be expected to present material in front of the class on a paper of your choice from this syllabus. Finally, a term paper will also contribute towards your grade. An outline of the paper describing a research question and your suggested methodology and strategy to answer it must be submitted by the Monday of week 9 of classes. Several sets of practice problems will be assigned but they will not be graded. The final course grade will be calculated as follows:

- class participation and paper presentation: 25% of the final grade;

- final exam: 45% of the final grade;

- term paper: 30% of the final grade;

           

Text

There is no required text for the course. Most of the readings will consist of academic articles (both classic ones and new working papers) and some lecture notes. As an optional background reading on some of the topics you can use Development Economics by Debraj Ray, Princeton University Press, 1998 (hereafter DE).

The journal articles and other reading materials for the course are listed below. You are required to read the starred (*) items on the reading list and material from them could be included in the exams. The latter also applies for all material covered in class regardless of its source (articles, class notes, presentations). The remaining items on the list are suggested readings to help deepen your understanding of the material or serve you as references in your choice of term paper topic.

Course Schedule

Each topic tentatively corresponds to about 1-1.5 weeks of classes but this would probably change as the course progresses. Note also that items could be added and deleted from the reading list at any time. I will notify you of all changes. The most recent version of the syllabus will be always available on the course website.

 

1. Development, Poverty, and Inequality: Facts and Measures

*Bourguignon and Morrison (2002), “Inequality among World’s Citizens 1820-1992”, American Economic Review

*Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo, (2006) The Economic Lives of the Poor”, working paper, MIT

Human Development Report 2007/08

Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo (2007) “What is Middle Class about the Middle Classes Around the World?”,  working paper, MIT

Ravallion, M. (2001), “Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond Averages”, World Development

Parente, S. and E. Prescott (2000), Barriers to Riches, ch. 1, 2.

Dollar, D. (2002), “Growth is Good for the Poor”, World Bank

Chen, S. and M. Ravallion (2000), “How did the World’s Poor Fare in the 1990s?”, World Bank

Deaton, A. (2003), “Health, Inequality and Economic Development”, Journal of Economic Literature

Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo (2000), “Inequality and Growth: What Can the Data Say?”, working paper, MIT

Anand, S. and P. Segal, (2008) “What Do We Know about Global Income Inequality?”, J. Econ. Literature

Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo (2004), “Growth Theory Through the Lens of Development Economics”, working paper, MIT.

Steckel, R. (2008), “Biological Measures of the Standard of Living”, J. Econ. Perspectives

 

2. Inequality and Development: Interconnections. Poverty Traps.

*Ghatak, M. and N. Jiang (2002), “A Simple Model of Inequality, Occupational Choice and Development”, Journal of Development Economics

*Ray, D. (2000) “What’s New in Development Economics?”, manuscript, New York University (section 4)

Banerjee, A and S. Mullainthan (2008) “Limited Attention and Income Distribution”, working paper, MIT

Galor, O. and J. Zeira (1993). “Income Distribution and Macroeconomics”, Review of Economic Studies

Banerjee, A. and A. Newman (1993), “Occupational Choice and the Process of Development”, Journal of Political Economy

Benabou, R. (1996), “Inequality and Growth”, NBER Macroeconomics Annual

Mookherjee, D. and D. Ray (2003) “Persistent Inequality”, Review of Economic Studies

 

3. Coordination Failures, Multiple Equilibria and History Dependence

*Ray, D. (2000) “What’s New in Development Economics?”, manuscript, NYU (section 3)

*Murphy, K., A. Schleifer and R. Vishny (1989), “Industrialization and the Big Push”, Journal of Political Economy

Rosenstein-Rodan, P. (1943), "Problems of Industrialization of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe", Econ. Journal (the original ‘big push’ paper)

Hoff, K. (2000), "Beyond Rosenstein-Rodan: The Modern Theory of Underdevelopment Traps", Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics

Easterly, W. (2006), “The Big Push Déjà Vu”, Journal of Economic Literature

Acemoglu, D. and F. Zillibotti (1997), “Was Prometheus Unbound by Chance? Risk, Diversification and Growth”, Journal of Political Economy

Kremer, M. (1993): "The O-Ring Theory of Economic Development", Quarterly Journal of Economics

Adsera, A. and D. Ray (1998), “History and Coordination Failure”, Journal of Economic Growth

Nunn, N. (2008), “The Importance of History for Economic Development”, working paper, Harvard.

 

4. Agricultural Organization and Productivity in Developing Countries

*Lecture notes

*Asuncao, J. and M. Ghatak (2003): “Can Unobserved Heterogeneity in Farmer Ability Explain the Inverse Relationship between Farm Size and Productivity?”, Economics Letters

*Lin, J. (1992) "Rural reforms and agricultural growth in China", American Economic Review

Eswaran, M. and A. Kotwal (1985): "A Theory of Contractual Structure in Agriculture", American Economic Review

Banerjee, A., P. Gertler and M. Ghatak (2002), "Empowerment and Efficiency - Tenancy Reform in West Bengal", Journal of Political Economy.
Shaban, R. (1987): "Testing between alternative models of sharecropping", Journal of Political Economy

Laffont, J. and M. Matoussi (1995), "Moral Hazard, Financial Constraints and Sharecropping in El Oulja", The Review of Economic Studies

Ackerberg, D. and M. Botticini (2002): "Endogenous Matching and Empirical Determinants of Contractual Form", Journal of Political Economy.
Besley, T. and Burgess, R. (2000): "Land Reform, Poverty and Growth: Evidence from India", Quarterly Journal of Economics

Baland, J. and J. Robinson (2003) “Land and Power”, CEPR Discussion Paper

Conning, J. and J. Robinson (2005) “Property Rights and the Political Organization of Agriculture”, working paper

 

5. Credit Markets in Developing Economies

*Ghosh, P., D. Mookherjee and D. Ray (2000), “Credit Rationing in Developing Countries: An Overview of the Theory”, chapter 11 in Readings in the Theory of Economic Development

*Stiglitz, J. and A. Weiss (1981), "Credit Rationing in Markets with Incomplete Information," American Economic Review 71, 393-410.

Paulson, A., R. Townsend and A. Karaivanov (2006), “Distinguishing Limited Liability from Moral Hazard in a Model of Entrepreneurship”, Journal of Political Economy

Besley, T. (1995): "How do Market Failures Justify Interventions in Rural Credit Markets" World Bank Research Observer
Besley, T. and A. Levenson (1996), “The Role of Informal Finance in Household Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Taiwan”, Economic Journal

Banerjee, A., E. Duflo and K. Munshi (2003), “The (mis)-allocation of Capital”, European Economic Review

Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo (2008), “Do Firms Want to Borrow More? Testing Credit Constraints Using a Directed Lending Program”, working paper, MIT

Townsend, R. (1995), “Financial Systems in Northern Thai Villages”, Quarterly Journal of Economics

Banerjee, A. (2002): "Contracting Constraints, Credit Markets and Economic Development, MIT Working Paper No. 02-17

Banerjee, A. (2004), “Inequality and Investment”, working paper, MIT

Karlan, D. and J. Zinman (2008): “Observing Unobservables: Identifying Information Asymmetries with a Consumer Credit Field Experiment , Working Paper, Yale.

De Mel, S., D. Mckenzie and C. Woodruff (2008): Returns to Capital in Microenterprises: Evidence from a field experiment, forthcoming, Quarterly Journal of Economics.

 

6. Insurance Markets in Developing Economies

*Townsend, R. (1994), “Risk and Insurance in Village India”, Econometrica

Ligon, E., Thomas, J. and T. Worrall (2002), "Mutual Insurance and Limited Commitment: Theory and Evidence in Village Economies'' Review of Economic Studies 69, 209-244.

Udry, C., (1995) ''Risk and Savings in Northern Nigeria'', American Economic Review

Jacoby, H. and E. Skoufias, (1998), ”Testing Theories of Consumption Behavior Using Information on Aggregate Shocks: Income Seasonality and Rainfall in Rural India”, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 80(1)

Coate, S. and M. Ravallion (1993), “Reciprocity Without Commitment: Characterization and Performance of Informal Insurance Arrangements'' Journal of Development Economics 40

Townsend, R. (1995) "Consumption Insurance: An Evaluation of Risk-Bearing Systems in Low-Income Economies", Journal of Economic Perspectives

Genicot, G. and D. Ray (2005), “Informal Insurance, Enforcement Constraints, and Group Formation

Bloch, F., G. Genicot and D. Ray, (2008) “Informal Insurance in Social Networks”, Journal of Economic Theory

 

7. Microfinance

*Ghatak, M. and T. Guinnane (1999): "The Economics of Lending with Joint Liability: Theory and Practice" Journal of Development Economics

Ahlin, C. and R. Townsend (2007): "Using Repayment Data to Test Across Models of Joint Liability Lending", Economic Journal

Karlan, Dean (2005), "Social Connections and Group Banking", mimeo, Yale University.

Giné, X. and D. Karlan (2008) "Peer Monitoring and Enforcement: Long Term Evidence from Microcredit Lending Groups with and without Group Liability", Mimeo. Yale.

*Morduch, J. (1999): "The Microfinance Promise" Journal of Economic Literature, 37(4), 1569-1614.

Morduch, J. (1998): "Does Microfinance Really Help the Poor? New Evidence from Flagship Programs in Bangladesh", Working Paper, NYU

Armendariz, B. and J. Morduch (2004): “Microfinance: Where Do We Stand?”, ch. 5 in Financial Development and Economic Growth: Explaining the Links

Ananth, B., D. Karlan and S. Mullainathan (2007), “Microentrepreneurs and Their Money: Three Anomalies”

Burgess, R. and R. Pande, (2003), "Do Rural Banks Matter? Evidence from the Indian Social Banking Experiment", mimeo, LSE.

Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo (2008), “Mandated Empowerment: Handing Antipoverty Policy Bact to the Poor?

Besley, T., S. Coate, and G. Loury (1993): "The Economics of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations", American Economic Review, 83

 

8. Political Economy

*Fernandez, R. and D. Rodrik (1991): "Resistance to Reform: Status Quo Bias in the Presence of Individual-Specific Uncertainty", American Economic Review

Bourguignon and Verdier (2000): “Oligarchy, Democracy, Inequality, and Growth”, Journal of Development Economics

Alesina, A., and D. Rodrik (1994): "Distributive Politics and Economic Growth", Quarterly Journal of Economics.
*Acemoglu, D. and J. Robinson (2000), "Political Losers As a Barrier to Economic Development" AEA Papers and Proceedings vol. 90, 126-130.
Acemoglu, D. (2002): Lecture Notes on Political Economy of Institutions and Development, Mimeo. MIT (excellent and comprehensive coverage of the literature)

Rubinchik-Pessach, A. and R. Wang (2005), “Does It Take a Tyrant to Implement a Good Reform?”, mimeo, University of Colorado

Roland, G. (2002), The Political Economy of Transition”, Journal of Economic Perspectives 16(1).

Acemoglu, D. (2003):  "Why Not a Political Coase Theorem?", Journal of Comparative Economics, 31, 620-52.

Besley, T. and T. Persson (2008): “The Origins of State Capacity: Property Rights, Taxation and Politics”, American Economic Review, forthcoming.

Caselli, F. and N. Gennaioli (2008): "Economics and Politics of Alternative Institutional Reforms", working paper

 

9. Social Capital

*Knack, S. and P. Keefer, (1997) “Does Social Capital have an Economic Payoff? A Cross Country Investigation”, Quarterly Journal of Economics

*Greif, A. (1994), “Cultural Beliefs and the Organization of Society: a historical and theoretical reflection on collectivist and individualist societies”, Journal of Political Economy

Alesina, A. and E. La Ferrara (2002), “Who Trusts Others?”, Journal of Public Economics

Durlauf, S. and M. Fafchamps (2004), “Social Capital”, working paper.

Sobel, J. (2002), “Can We Trust Social Capital?”, Journal of Economic Literature

Narayan, D. and L. Pritchett (1997): "Cents and Sociability: Household Income and Social Capital in Rural Tanzania", World Bank working paper

Kranton, R. (1996), “Reciprocal Exchange: A Self-Sustaining System”, American Economic Review

Arnott R. and J.Stiglitz (1991): "Moral Hazard and Non-market institutions: Dysfunctional Crowding-out or Peer Monitoring?" American Economic Review

Olken, B. (2008) “Do Television and Radio Destroy Social Capital?”, Harvard University.

Karlan, D. M. Mobius, T. Rosenblat and A. Szeidl (2008) “Trust and Social Collateral” Quarterly Journal of Economics, forthcoming.

 

10. Policy Issues I – Property Rights, Corruption, Institutions

*Hall, R. and C. Jones (1999), “Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output per Worker than Others?", Quarterly Journal of Economics

*Acemoglu D., S. Johnson and J. Robinson (2001), “The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation”, American Economic Review

De Soto, H. (2000) “The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else”, Basic Books (ch. 1, 7)

Besley, T. and M. Ghatak (2008): “Property Rights”, Mimeo, LSE.

Mauro, P., (1995) "Corruption and Growth", Quarterly Journal of Economics

Svensson, J. (2005), “Eight Questions About Corruption”, J. Econ. Perspectives

Khanna, T. and Y. Yafeh (2007), “Business Groups in Emerging Markets: Paragons or Parasites?”, JEL 06/2007

Besley, T. (1995): "Property rights and investment incentives: theory and evidence from Ghana", Journal of Political Economy.

Djankov, S., R. La Porta, F. Lopez-De-Silanes and A. Shleifer, (2002), "The Regulation of Entry" Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117 (1), 1-37.

Rajan, R., (2007), "The Persistence of Underdevelopment: Institutions, Human Capital, or Constituencies”, working paper.

Lucas, R. (1990), "Why Doesn't Capital Flow From Poor to Rich Countries?", American Economic Review 80, 92--96.

North, D. (1991) “Institutions”, Journal of Economic Perspectives

Sokoloff, K. and S. Engerman (2000), “History Lessons: Institutions, Factor Endowments and Paths of Development in the New World”, Journal of Economic Perspectives.

 

11. Policy Issues II – Globalization, Trade, and Foreign Aid

*Dollar, D. (2001), “Globalization, Inequality and Poverty since 1980”, World Bank

*Burnside, C. and D. Dollar (2000), “Aid, Policies and Growth”, World Bank (read with the paper by Easterly below)

*Easterly, W. (2003), “Can Foreign Aid Buy Growth?”, Journal of Economic Perspectives (read with above paper by Burnside and Dollar)

Fischer, S. (2003), “Globalization and Its Challenges”, American Economic Review

Dollar, D. and A. Kraay (2001), “Trade, Growth and Poverty”, working paper, World Bank

Basu, K. (2003), “Globalization and the Politics of International Finance: The Stiglitz Verdict”, Journal of Economic Literature

Winters, L., N. McCulloch and A. McKay (2004), “Trade Liberalization and Poverty”, J. Econ. Literature

Easterly, W. and T. Pfutze (2008), “Where Does the Money Go?”, J. Econ. Perspectives

Banerjee A. and R. He(2008), “Making Aid Work”, working paper, MIT

Chong, A. and M. Gradstein (2008), What Determines Foreign Aid? The Donors' Perspective , JDE

Bourguignon, F. and M. Sundberg (2007), Aid Effectiveness: Opening the Black Box , AER 97(2)

Rajan, R. and A. Subramanian (2007), Does Aid Affect Governance? , AER 97(2) (for presentation use only together with above paper by Bourguignon and Sunberg!)