POLITICAL SCIENCE 251-3

INTRODUCTION TO CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

(00-3)

Instructor: Dr. Michael Howlett E-Mail: howlett@sfu.ca

Office: AQ 6043 WWW: http://www.sfu.ca/~howlett

Phone: 291-3082 Office Hours: Thursday 1:30-2:30

Class Time: Thursday 2:30-4:30

Class Location: AQ 5037

Note: This outline is available through the Department WWW page at URL: http://www.sfu.ca/politics/courses.html

Outline:

This course provides an introduction to the study of public administration through the use of Canadian cases and examples. Topics covered include: Weberian and other theories of bureaucracy and bureaucratization; the similarities and differences found in socialist, developing, and western systems of public administration; the pattern of public sector growth in Canada; and questions of administrative responsibility and accountability in British Parliamentary systems of government.

Requirements and Marking:

1. There will be an in-class mid-term examination worth 20 percent of the course mark and a final examination worth 30 percent.

2. One ten-page paper is due at the end of term and is worth 40 percent of the class mark. An outline for the paper is due at the mid-term exam.

3. Ten percent of the course mark will be awarded on the basis of tutorial participation.

Texts:

Required:

John Shields and B. Mitchell Evans, Shrinking the State: Globalization and Public Administration "Reform" (Halifax: Fernwood, 1998)

Jacques Bourgault, Maurice Demers and Cynthia Williams eds., Public Administration and Public Management: Experiences in Canada (Quebec: Les Publications du Quebec, 1997)

Recommended:

Jon Pierre ed. Bureaucracy in the Modern State: An Introduction to Comparative Public Administration (London: Edward Elgar, 1995)

Lindquist, Evert, ed. Government Restructuring and Career Public Services. Toronto: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 2000.

Paper Topics:

Choose a developing or transitional-economy country. Outline the nature of recent changes in that country's system of public administration. Discuss the impetus for these changes and the implications for public administration in this country of recent efforts to reform the state.

Examine the empirical record of the growth of government in a western country. How can this pattern be explained and what are its implications for traditional systems of administrative control.

Choose a Canadian province. Outline recent efforts at reform of the system of public administration in that jurisdiction, and critically assess the merits and results of those efforts.

WEEKLY READING LIST

WEEK I - INTRODUCTION AND ADMINISTRATION

Required Reading:

Martin Albrow, Bureaucracy (London: Aldine, 1967) pp. 84-105

Peters, B. Guy. "Public-Service Reform: Comparative Perspectives." In E. Lindquist, ed(s), Government Restructuring and Career Public Services, Toronto: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 2000. 27-40.

Recommended Reading:

John Shields and B. Mitchell Evans, Shrinking the State: Globalization and Public Administration "Reform" (Halifax: Fernwood, 1998) pp. 14-35

Walter Kickert, "Public Management in the United States and Europe" in W.J.M. Kickert ed., Public Management and Administrative Reform in Western Europe (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1997) pp. 15-42

WEEK II - BUREAUCRACY AND BUREAUCRATIZATION (I): WEBER AND RATIONAL BUREAUCRACY

Required Reading:

Max Weber, "Bureaucracy" in H.H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills, ed., From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology (New York: Oxford, 1946) pp. 196-244

S.E. Eisenstadt, The Political Systems of Empires, (London: Collier, 1963) pp. 3-32

Recommended Reading:

R. Brubaker, The Limits of Rationality, (London: Allen and Unwin, 1984) Chapters 1 and 2

N. Mouzelis, Organization and Bureaucracy (London: Aldine, 1968) pp. 38-54

WEEK III - BUREAUCRACY AND BUREAUCRATIZATION (II): IRRATIONAL AND DYSFUNCTIONAL BUREAUCRACY

Required Reading:

Victor A. Thompson, Modern Organizations (New York: Knopf, 1961) pp. 152-178

L. Rudolph and S. Rudolph, "Authority and Power in Bureaucratic and Patrimonial Bureaucracy" in World Politics, 31(2) 1979 pp. 195-227

Jan-Erik Lane, The Public Sector: Concepts, Models and Approaches (London: Sage, 1995) pp. 49-71

Recommended Reading:

Albert Breton and R. Wintrobe, "Bureaucracy and State Intervention: Parkinson's Law Revisited" in Canadian Public Administration, 22, 1979 pp. 208-226

Charles Wolf Jr., "A Theory of Non-Market Failures" in The Public Interest 55, 1979 pp. 114-133

Robert K. Merton, "Bureaucratic Structure and Personality" in Social Forces, 18, 1940

WEEK IV - MODERN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS (I): THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC ADMINISTRATION

Required Reading:

Brian Chapman, The Profession of Government, (London: Unwin, 1971) pp. 9-30

Finer, S.E. The History of Government From the Earliest Times - Volume III: Empires, Monarchies and the Modern State. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Chapter 7 pp 1375-1427

Recommended Reading:

Henry Jacoby, The Bureaucratization of the World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973) pp. 1-35

Ernest Barker, The Development of Public Services in Western Europe 1660-1930 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1944) pp. 1-38

E.N. Gladden, A History of Public Administration (London: Frank Cass, 1972) Volume 1 pp. 107-140; Volume II pp. 1-47

WEEK V - MODERN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS (II): THE RISE AND FALL OF SOCIALIST PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Required Reading:

Jerry F. Hough, "The Bureaucratic Model and the Nature of the Soviet System" in Journal of Comparative Administration, 5(2) 1973 pp. 134-167

Dawn Oliver, "Perestroika and Public Administration in the U.S.S.R." in Public Administration 66, 1988 pp. 411-428

Recommended Reading:

Various Authors, "Socialist Models of Development" , World Development, 9/10, 1981 Special Issue

Alec Nove, The Soviet Economic System, (London: Allen and Unwin, 1986) pp. 1-48

Joachim Jens Hesse, "Rebuilding the State: Public Sector Reform in Central and Eastern Europe" in Jan-Erik Lane, ed., Public Sector Reform: Rationale, Trends and Problems (London: Sage, 1996) pp. 114-146

WEEK VI - MODERN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS (III): DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

Required Reading:

Turner, Mark and David Hulme. Governance, Administration and Development. London: Macmillan, 1997. Pp. 82-104

Donald C. Rowat, "Comparing Bureaucracies in Developed and Developing Countries: A Statistical Analysis" in International Review of Administrative Sciences, 56 1990 pp. 211-236

Recommended Reading:

Fred G. Burke, "Public Administration in Africa: The Legacy of Inherited Colonial Institutions" in Journal of Comparative Administration 1(3) 1969 pp. 345-378

Mark Hanson, "Organizational Bureaucracy in Latin America and the Legacy of Spanish Colonialism" in Journal of Inter-American Studies and World Affairs, 16(2) 1974 pp. 199-219

Therkildson, O. "Public Sector Reform in a Poor, Aid-dependent Country, Tanzania." Public Administration and Development. 20, no. 1 (2000): 61-71.

WEEK VII - MID-TERM EXAM AND OUTLINE DUE

WEEK VIII - CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (I): INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Required Reading:

J.E. Hodgetts, The Canadian Public Service, (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1973) pp. 17-54; 87-111; 138-156

Dwivedi, O.P. and James Iain Gow. From Bureaucracy to Public Management: The Administrative Culture of the Government of Canada. Toronto: IPAC, 1999. Pp. 63-88

Recommended Reading:

J.E. Hodgetts, Pioneer Public Service (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1955) pp. 35-54; 269-280

Graham White, "Provinces and Territories: Characteristics, Roles and Responsibilities" in Jacques Bourgault, Maurice Demers and Cynthia Williams eds., Public Administration and Public Management: Experiences in Canada (Quebec: Les Publications du Quebec, 1997) pp. 167-176

Alasdair Roberts, So-Called Experts: How American Consultants Remade the Canadian Civil Service 1918-21 (Toronto: Canadian Public Administration Monograph 10. 18, 1996)

WEEK IX - CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (II): EMPLOYMENT AND EXPENDITURE GROWTH

Required Reading:

David Cameron, "The Growth of Government Spending: The Canadian Experience in Comparative Perspective" in Keith Banting ed., State and Society: Canada in Comparative Perspective, (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1986) pp. 21-52

Richard Bird, The Growth of Government Spending in Canada (Toronto : Canadian Tax Foundation, 1970). Chapters 1 and 2

Recommended Reading:

Alan Peacock, "Public Expenditure Growth in Post-Industrial Society" in B. Gustafsson ed., Post Industrial Society (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1979) pp. 80-100

John Shields and B. Mitchell Evans, Shrinking the State: Globalization and Public Administration "Reform" (Halifax: Fernwood, 1998) pp 52-73

Sharon Sutherland and G. Bruce Doern, Bureaucracy in Canada: Control and Reform (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985) pp. 81-140

WEEK X - CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (III): ACCOUNTABILITY AND CONTROL

Required Reading:

John Shields and B. Mitchell Evans, Shrinking the State: Globalization and Public Administration "Reform" (Halifax: Fernwood, 1998) pp 116-124

S.L. Sutherland and J.R. Mitchell, "Parliament and Administration" in Jacques Bourgault, Maurice Demers and Cynthia Williams eds., Public Administration and Public Management: Experiences in Canada (Quebec: Les Publications du Quebec, 1997) pp. 25-43

Recommended Reading:

C.J. Friedrich, "Public Policy and the Nature of Administrative Responsibility" in C.J. Friedrich and Edward Mason eds., Public Policy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940) pp. 3-24

Herbert Finer, "Administrative Responsibility in Democratic Government" in Public Administration Review, 1(4) 1941 pp. 335-350

Joel D. Aberbach and Bert A. Rockman, "Mandates or Mandarins? Control and Discretion in the Modern Administrative State" in Public Administration Review 48 (2) 1988 pp. 606-612

WEEK XI - CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (IV): MINISTERIAL, CABINET, AND PARLIAMENTARY RESPONSIBILITY

Required Reading:

Sharon Sutherland and G. Bruce Doern, Bureaucracy in Canada: Control and Reform (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985) pp. 57-80

Paul G. Thomas, "Ministerial Responsibility and Administrative Accountability" in Mohamed Charih and Arthur Daniels, eds., New Public Management and Public Administration in Canada (Toronto: Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 1997) pp.141-164

Recommended Reading:

K. Kernaghan, "Power, Parliament and Public Servants in Canada: Ministerial Responsibility Re-examined" in Canadian Public Administration 22(3), 1979 pp. 383-396

Nicole Jauvin, "Government, Ministers, Macro-Organization Chart and Networks" in Jacques Bourgault, Maurice Demers and Cynthia Williams eds., Public Administration and Public Management: Experiences in Canada (Quebec: Les Publications du Quebec, 1997) pp.45-58

Jacques Bourgault and Barbara Wake Carroll, "The Canadian Senior Public Service: The Last Vestiges of the Whitehall Model?" in Jacques Bourgault, Maurice Demers and Cynthia Williams eds., Public Administration and Public Management: Experiences in Canada (Quebec: Les Publications du Quebec, 1997) pp. 91-100

WEEK XII - CANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (V): EXTRA-ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

Required Reading:

Louis Borgeat and Isabelle Giroux, "Judiciary and Administrative Law" in Jacques Bourgault, Maurice Demers and Cynthia Williams eds., Public Administration and Public Management: Experiences in Canada (Quebec: Les Publications du Quebec, 1997) pp. 125-141

Colin J. Bennett and Robin Bayley, "The New Public Administration of Information: Canadian Approaches to Access and Privacy" in Martin W. Westmacott and Hugh P. Mellon eds., Public Administration and Policy: Governing in Challenging Times (Scarborough: Prentice Hall Allyn and Bacon, 1999) pp. 189-201

Recommended Reading:

John Shields and B. Mitchell Evans, Shrinking the State: Globalization and Public Administration "Reform" (Halifax: Fernwood, 1998) pp. 36-51 and 88-115

Paul Starr, "The Meaning of Privatization" in S.B. Makerman and A.J. Kahn eds, Privatization and the Welfare State (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989) pp. 15-48

W.T. Stanbury, "Restraining the State: The Role of De-regulation" in P. Aucoin ed., The Politics and Management of Restraint in Government, (Montreal: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1981)

WEEK XIII - CONCLUSION AND PAPERS DUE

EXAM: December 14, 2000 3:30-6:30 Rm. TBA