POLITICS 329 - Provincial Political Economies

(2000- 1)

                                                                                                                                        Dr. Michael Howlett
                                                                                                                                        AQ 6045 291-3082
                                                                                                                                        Office Hours: Thursday 12:30-1:30
Class Time: Thursday 1:30-5:30
Class Location: AQ 5118

NOTE: This Courselist is also available on the WWW at URL: http://www.sfu.ca/~howlett/329001.html

Outline:

This course provides an overview of the history, structure and operation of the political-economic systems of Canada's provinces and territories. It locates these political systems within the context of Canada's federal system of government and pronounced regional, cultural and economic particularities. Special attention is paid to the modernization process and to the development of provincial service sectors after 1945. The impact of successive major changes in the provincial economies over the course of the 20th century are highlighted in explaining significant changes in provincial social structures and political life over the same period.
Required Texts 1. Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

2. Dunn, Christopher, ed., Provinces: Canadian Provincial Politics, Peterborough: Broadview Press, 1996

Recommended Texts 1. Dyck, Rand. Provincial Politics in Canada. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 1996.
Requirements and Marking: 1. There will be a three-hour final examination worth 40 percent of the course mark.

2. One 10-15 paper is due at the end of term and is worth 40 percent of the class mark. Papers should be typed, double-spaced and properly formatted. Papers are due on the last day of class. LATE PAPERS WILL LOSE TEN PERCENT PER DAY LATE. An outline of the paper is due in Week VII and is worth 10% of the course grade.

3. Participation in Class Tutorials is mandatory and is worth 10% of the course grade. Each student is responsible for posting 2-3 questions on one of the Recommended Readings for each week to the class maillist (pol329-d1@sfu.ca) by Tuesday at 5:00PM. LATE QUESTIONS WILL RECEIVE A ZERO GRADE.

Paper Topics: 1. Choose a Canadian provincial government. Outline its structure, composition, and major areas of governmental activity. Discuss the evolution of these items and the reasons why the government has evolved in the direction it has.

2. Choose a Canadian territory. Discuss the process of evolution of that territory towards provincial status. Are there are any lessons to be learned about this process from the constitutional history of existing provinces which once were territories?

3. Choose a Canadian province. Describe its political-economic system and compare this system with that of a neighbouring province. Are the systems growing more or less alike?

4. Choose a Canadian industry. Discuss the provincial dimensions of this industry in terms of location, impact, regulation, and future prospects.

WEEKLY READING LIST

WEEK I: INTRODUCTION: STUDYING THE PROVINCES

Required Reading:

Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett. "Introduction: The Provincial State in Canada." In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Michael Howlett, "De-Mythologizing Provincial Political Economies: The Development of Service Sectors in the Provinces" in Dunn, Christopher, ed., Provinces: Canadian Provincial Politics, Peterborough: Broadview Press, 1996 pp. 423-448

Recommended Reading: Pratt, Larry. "The State and Province-Building: Alberta's Development Strategy." In The Canadian State: Political Economy and Political Power, edited by L. Panitch. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1977. 133-164.

Young, R.A., Phillipe Faucher, and Andre Blais. "The Concept of Province Building: A Critique." Canadian Journal of Political Science 17(1984): 783-818.

WEEK II: THE ORIGINS OF THE PROVINCES

Required Reading:

Nicholson, Norman L. The Boundaries of Canada, Its Provinces, and Its Territories. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1964.

Wiseman, Nelson. "Provincial Political Cultures." In C. Dunn, ed(s), Provinces: Canadian Provincial Politics, Peterborough: Broadview, 1996. 21-62.

Recommended Reading: Thomas, L.H. The Struggle for Responsible Government in the Northwest Territories. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1978.

Morrison, J.C. "Oliver Mowat and the Development of Provincial Rights in Ontario: A Study in Dominion-Provincial Relations 1867-1896." In Ontario Department of Public Records and Archives, ed(s), Three History Theses, Toronto: Department of Public Records and Archives, 1961.

WEEK III: THE PROVINCES AND THE CANADIAN ECONOMY

Required Reading:

Britton, John N.H., ed. Canada and the Global Economy: The Geography of Structural and Technological Change. Montreal: McGill-Queenís University Press, 1996. - Introduction

Howlett, Michael, Alex Netherton, and M. Ramesh. The Political Economy of Canada: An Introduction. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1999. Chapter 5

Ip, Irene. "An Overview of Provincial Government Finance." In M. McMillan, ed(s), Provincial Public Finances, Toronto: Canadian Tax Foundations, 1991.

Recommended Reading: Buckley, K. "The Role of Staple Industries in Canadian Economic Development." Journal of Economic History. 18(1958)

Watkins, M. H. "A Staple Theory of Economic Growth." Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science. 29, no. 2 (1963): 141-158.

Watkins, M. H. "The Staple Theory Revisited." Journal of Canadian Studies. 12, no. 5 (1977)

WEEK IV: THE PROVINCES AND THE CONSTITUTION

Required Reading:

Stevenson, Garth. "The Division Of Powers." In Division of Powers and Public Policy, edited by R. Simeon. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985. 71-123.

Stevenson, Garth. "Federalism and the Political Economy of the Canadian State." In The Canadian State: Political Economy and Political Power,, edited by L. Panitch. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1977. 71-100.

Cook, Ramsay. Provincial Autonomy, Minority Rights and the Compact Theory. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1969. pp. 19-49

Recommended Reading: LaForest, G.V. Disallowance and Reservation of Provincial Legislation. Ottawa: Department of Justice, 1955.

Black, E. R. and A. C. Cairns. "A Different Perspective on Canadian Federalism." Canadian Public Administration 9(1), 1966 27-44

Forbes, E.R. The Maritime Rights Movement 1919-1927. Montreal: McGill-Queens Press, 1985. 13-37

Pratt, Larry and Garth Stevenson, ed. Western Separatism: The Myth, Realities and Dangers. Edmonton: Hurtig, 1981.

WEEK V: STUDYING THE PROVINCES: METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES

Required Reading:

Imbeau, Louis M. and Guy Lachapelle. "Comparative Provincial Public Policy in Canada." In C. Dunn, ed(s), Provinces: Canadian Provincial Politics, Peterborough: Broadview, 1996. 401-422.

Dunn, Christopher A, "Comparative Provincial Politics: A Review" in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Recommended Reading:

Young, R.A. "Teaching and Research in Maritime Politics: Old Stereotypes and New Directions." Journal of Canadian Studies 21, no. 2 (1986) 133-156

Clow, Michael. "Politics and Uneven Capitalist Development: The Maritime Challenge to the Study of Canadian Political Economy." Studies in Political Economy 14(1984)

Simeon, Richard and David J. Elkins. "Regional Political Cultures in Canada." In Small Worlds: Provinces and Parties in Canadian Political Life, edited by D. Elkins and R. Simeon. Toronto: Methuen, 1980.

WEEK VI: THE PROVINCES AND MODERNIZATION: THE FOUNDATIONS OF CONTEMPORARY PROVINCIAL POLITICS

Required Reading:

Jones, L.R. "Coping with Revenue and Expenditure Constraints in the Provincial Government Context." In J. W. Langford and K. Huffman, ed(s), Fear and Ferment: Public Sector Management Today, Montreal: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1987. 259-281.

Grubel, Herbert G. and Michael A. Walker. Service Industry Growth: Causes and Effects. Vancouver: Fraser Institute, 1989. 1-42

Burris, Val. "Capital Accumulation and the Rise of the New Middle Class." The Review of Radical Political Economics 12, no. 1 (1980): 17-34.

Recommended Reading:

Warton, David A. "The Service Industries in Canada 1946-1966." In Production and Productivity in the Service Industries, edited by V. R. Fuchs. New York: Columbia University Press, 1969.

Siegel, David. "The Changing Shape and Nature of Public Service Employment." Canadian Public Administration 31, no. 2 (1988): 159-193.

Blake, Don. "The Electoral Significance of Public Sector Bashing." BC Studies 62(1984): 29-43.

Chandler, M. and W. Chandler. "Public Administration in the Provinces." Canadian Public Administration. 25, no. 4 (1982): 580-602.

WEEK VII: PROVINCIAL POLITICAL-ECONOMIC SURVEY (I): ATLANTIC CANADA

Required Reading:

Summers, Valerie A. "Newfoundland Between A Rock And A Hard Place: Regime Change in Newfoundland." In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Milne, David A. "PEI: Politics in a Beleaguered Garden." In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Bickerton, James, " Nova Scotia: The Political Economy of Regime Change" In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Mellon, Hugh. "New Brunswick: The Challenge of New Brunswick Politics." In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Recommended Reading: Acheson, T.W. "The National Policy and the Industrialization of the Maritimes, 1880-1910." Acadiensis 1(1972)

Alexander, David. Atlantic Canada and Confederation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1983. 51-79

Young, R.A. "'and the people will sink into despair': Reconstruction in New Brunswick, 1942-52." Canadian Historical Review 69, no. 2 (1988)

Smitheram, V., D. Milne, and S. Dasgupta, ed. The Garden Transformed: Prince Edward Island 1945-1980. Charlottetown: Ragweed Press, 1982.

Ullman, Stephen H. "Political Disaffection in the Province of New Brunswick: Manifestations and Sources." American Review of Canadian Studies. , no. Summer (1990): 151-177.

Jamieson, Barbara, ed. Governing Nova Scotia. Halifax: Dalhousie University School of Public Administration, 1984.

Brym, Robert J. "Political Conservatism in Atlantic Canada." In R. J. Brym and R. J. Sacouman, ed(s), Underdevelopment and Social Movements in Atlantic Canada, Toronto: New Hogtown Press, 1979. 59-80.

*** OUTLINES DUE ***

WEEK VIII: PROVINCIAL POLITICAL-ECONOMIC SURVEY (II): QUEBEC

Required Reading:

Galipeau, Claude Jean. "Quebec: Le Contre-Courant Quebecois." In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman, 1992. 113-146.

Bernier, Luc, " The Beleaguered State: Québec at the End of the 1990s " in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Recommended Reading: Bourque, Gilles and Nicole Frenette. "Social Classes and National Ideologies in Quebec 1760-1970." In Capitalism and the National Question in Canada, edited by G. Teeple. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972. 185-210.

Quinn, Herbert. The Union Nationale: Quebec Nationalism From Duplessis to Quebec's Quiet Revolution. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1979. 3-47

French, Richard D. "Governing Without Business: The Parti Quebecois in Power." In Theories of Business-Government Relations, edited by V. V. Murray. Toronto: Trans-Canada press, 1985. 159-180.

Renaud, Marc. "New Middle Class in Search of Social Hegemony." In Quebec: State and Society, edited by A. G. Gagnon. Toronto: Methuen, 1984. 150-185.

Hudon, R. "The Parti Quebecois in Power: Institutionalization, Crisis Management and Decline." In H. Thorburn, ed(s), Party Politics in Canada, Scarborough: Prentice Hall, 1985. 220-233.

WEEK IX: PROVINCIAL POLITICAL-ECONOMIC SURVEY (III): ONTARIO

Required Reading:

Robert and Albo, Greg " Divided Province, Growing Protests: Ontario Moves Right" in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Rea, K.J. The Prosperous Years: The Economic Years: The Economic History of Ontario 1939-75. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985. 223-238

Recommended Reading: Drummond, R.J. "Voting Behavior: The Blueing of Ontario." In Government and Politics of Ontario, edited by D. C. MacDonald. Toronto: Macmillan, 1975. 294-317.

Nelles, H.V. "Red Tied: Fin de Siecle Politics in Ontario." In Canadian Politics in the 1990's, edited by M. Whittington and G. Williams. Toronto: Nelson, 1990. 76-97.

Schindeler, F.F. Responsible Government in Ontario. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1969. 28-80

White, Graham, ed. The Government and Politics of Ontario. Toronto: Nelson, 1990.

Nelles, H.V. The Politics of Development. Toronto: Macmillan, 1974. 307-347

Drache, Daniel, ed. Getting on Track: Social Democratic Strategies for Ontario. Kingston: McGill-Queens University Press, 1992.

WEEK X: PROVINCIAL POLITICAL-ECONOMIC SURVEY (IV): THE PRAIRIE PROVINCES

Required Reading:

Netherton, Alex. "Paradigm and Shift: A Sketch of Manitoba Politics." In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Rasmussen, Ken, " Saskatchewan: From Entrepreneurial State to Embedded State" in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Smith, Peter J. "Alberta: Experiments In Governance ó From Social Credit To The Klein Revolution?" In The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories, edited by K. Brownsey and M. Howlett. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Recommended Reading: Phillips, Paul. "Manitoba in the Agrarian Period: 1870-1940." In The Political Economy of Manitoba, edited by J. Silver and J. Hull. Regina: Canadian PLains Research Centre, 1990. 3-24.

Gonick, Cy. "The Manitoba Economy Since World War II." In J. Silver and J. Hull, ed(s), The Political Economy of Manitoba, Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, 1990. 25-48.

MacPherson, C.B. Democracy in Alberta. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962.

S.M. Lipset, Agrarian Socialism New York: Free Press, 1964

Chorney, Harold and Phillip Hansen. "Neo-Conservatism, Social Democracy, and 'Province-Building': The Experience of Manitoba." Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 22, no. 1 (1985): 1-29.

WEEK XI: PROVINCIAL POLITICAL-ECONOMIC SURVEY (V): BRITISH COLUMBIA

Required Reading:

Martin Robin, The Rush for Spoils (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1974)

Howlett, Michael and Keith Brownsey. "From Timber to Tourism: The Political Economy of British Columbia." In R. K. Carty, ed(s), Politics, Policy and Government in British Columbia, Vancouver: UBC Press, 1996. 18-31.

Recommended Reading:

Tomblin, Stephen G. "W.A.C. Bennett and Province-Building in British Columbia." BC Studies 85(1990): 45-61.

Blake, D., R. Johnston, and D.J. Elkins. "Sources of Change in the B.C. Party System." BC Studies. 50(1981): 3-28.

Blake, Donald E., R.K. Carty, and Lynda Erickson. Grassroots Politicians: Party Activists in British Columbia. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1991.

Morley, J.T., N. Ruff, and et al. The Reins of Power. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1983.
WEEK XII: PROVINCIAL POLITICAL-ECONOMIC SURVEY (VI): THE NORTH

Required Reading:

Clancy, Peter, "The NWT: The Northwest Territories: Old And New Class Politics On The Northern Frontier " in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Hicks, Jack and White, Graham, "Nunavut: Inuit Self-Determination Through A Land Claim and Public Government?" in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

McCormick, Floyd, " The Yukon: Still Frontier, Always Homeland: Yukon Politics in the 1990s" in Brownsey, Keith and Michael Howlett, ed. The Provincial State: Politics in Canada's Provinces and Territories. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2000.

Recommended Reading: Rea, K.J. The Political Economy of the Canadian North. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1968.

Dacks, Gurston, ed. Devolution and Constitutional Development in the Canadian North. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1990.

Stabler, Jack C. and Eric C. Howe. "Native Participation in Northern Development: The Impending Crisis in the NWT." Canadian Public Policy 16, no. 3 (1990): 262-283.

Dickerson, Mark O. Whose North: Political Change, Political Development, and Self-Government in the Northwest Territories. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1991.

WEEK XIII: THE PROVINCES IN THE POST-MODERN ERA: CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE

Required Reading:

Lutz, James M. "Emulation and Policy Adoptions in the Canadian Provinces." Canadian Journal of Political Science 22, no. 1 (1989): 147-154. Poel, Dale. "The Diffusion of Legislation Among The Canadian Provinces." Canadian Journal of Political Science. 9(1976): 605-626.

Boychuk, Gerard. "Are Canadian and U.S. Social Asssiatnce Policies Converging?" Canadian-American Public Policy. 30(1997): 1-55.

Recommended Reading: Ismael, Jacqueline S. and Yves Vaillancourt, ed. Privatization and Provincial Social Services in Canada: Policy, Administration, and Service Delivery. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1988. 1-11

Molot, M.A. "The Provinces and Privatization: Are the Provinces Really Getting Out of Business?" In Privatization, Public Policy, and Crown Corporations, edited by A. Tupper and G. B. Doern. Montreal: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1988. 399-426.

Atkinson, Michael M. and Gerald Bierling. "Is There Convergence in Provincial Spending Priorities?" Canadian Public Policy. 24, no. 1 (1998): 71-90.

Boychcuk, Gerard. Patchworks of Purpose: The Development of Social Assistance Regimes in Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1998.

Chandler, W. and M.A. Chandler. "Policy Trends." In D. J. Bellamy, J. H. Pammett and D. C. Rowat, ed(s), Provincial Political Systems: Comparative Essays, Toronto: Methuen, 1976. 237-256.

Jones, L.R. and Jerry L. McCaffery. Government Response to Financial Constraints: Budgetary Control in Canada. New York: Greenwood Press, 1989.

PAPERS DUE

EXAM Saturday April 15 3:30-6:30 Rm TBA