Politics 853
Public Administration
(00-1 )

Class Time: Tuesday 11:30-2:20 AQ 6036
 

                                                                                                                                                                Dr. Michael Howlett
                                                                                                                                                                AQ 6043 291-3082
                                                                                                                                                                 e-mail: howlett@sfu.ca

OFFICE HOURS: Thursday 12:30-1:30
  NOTE: This outline is also available through the Class WWW Site at URL: http://www.sfu.ca/~howlett/853001SY.html

Outline:

This course develops the study of public administration through a focus on the instruments used by governments in carrying out their tasks and adapting to, and altering, their environments. An essential component of modern governance, substantive and procedural policy instruments together comprise the toolbox from which governments must choose in attempting to resolve policy problems. The course begins with the establishment of a framework for analyzing governing instruments and moves on to consider the merits, demerits and rationales for the use of specific organization, regulatory, financial and information-based instruments. Finally, the manner in which instruments combine to produce an implementation style is assessed.
 

Recommended Texts

Christopher Hood, The Tools of Government Chatham: Chatham House, 1986

L.S. Salamon ed. Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989.

W.J.M. Kickert, E-H. Klijn and J.F.M. Koppenjan eds., Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector (London: Sage, 1997)

Marie-Louise Bemelmans-Videc, Ray C. Rist and Evert Vedung eds., Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their Evaluation New Brunswick, N.J., Transaction Publishers, 1998

B. Guy Peters and F. K. M. Van Nispen, eds. Public Policy Instruments : Evaluating the Tools of Public Administration New York: Edward Elgar Pub. (August 1998)
 
 

 Requirements and Marking:
 
  1. One 20-25 page paper is due at the end of term and is worth 60 percent of the class mark. Papers should be typed, double-spaced and properly formatted. Papers are due on the last day of class. LATE PAPERS WILL LOSE TEN PERCENT PER DAY LATE.

2. Forty percent of the course mark will be awarded on the basis of class participation. This includes at least two oral presentations on recommended readings during weeks III-VI and VIII-XI LATE PRESENTATIONS WILL RECEIVE A ZERO GRADE.
 
 

 Paper Topics: Choose a category of substantive policy instrument and a procedural one. Examine examples of the use of each in a Canadian policy sector. What do these cases tell us about the utility and accuracy of existing theories of policy instrument choice?
 
 


WEEKLY READING LIST

NOTE: All required readings have been placed on reserve in Bennett Library

WEEK I: INTRODUCTION: POLICY INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR ANALYSIS

Required Reading:

Salamon, Lester. "Rethinking Public Management: Third Party Government and the Changing Forms of Government Action." Public Policy 29, no. 3 (1981): 255-275

Woodside, K. "Policy Instruments and the Study of Public Policy." Canadian Journal of Political Science. 19, no. 4 (1986): 775-793.

Stephen H. Linder and B. Guy Peters, "The Study of Policy Instruments: Four Schools of Thought" in B. Guy Peters and F. K. M. Van Nispen, eds. Public Policy Instruments : Evaluating the Tools of Public Administration New York: Edward Elgar Pub (August 1998) pp. 33-45
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Baxter-Moore, Nicolas. "Policy Implementation and the Role of the State: A Revised Approach to the Study of Policy Instruments." In Contemporary Canadian Politics: Readings and Notes, edited by R. J. Jackson, D. Jackson and N. Baxter-Moore. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall, 1987.

Howlett, Michael. "Policy Instruments, Policy Styles, and Policy Implementation: National Approaches to Theories of Instrument Choice." Policy Studies Journal. 19 (2) 1991. pp. 1-21.

Linder, Stephen H. and B. Guy Peters. "Instruments of Government: Perceptions and Contexts"." Journal of Public Policy. 9, no. 1 (1989): 35-58.
 
 

 WEEK II: POLICY INSTRUMENT THEORY (I): SUBSTANTIVE POLICY INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Salamon, Lester M. and Michael S. Lund. "The Tools Approach: Basic Analytics." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. S. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. pp. 23-50

Christopher Hood, The Tools of Government Chatham: Chatham House, 1986 pp. 1-15 and chapters 2-5

Hans A. de Bruijn and Hans A.M. Hufen, "The Traditional Approach to Policy Instruments" in B. Guy Peters and F. K. M. Van Nispen, eds. Public Policy Instruments : Evaluating the Tools of Public Administration New York: Edward Elgar Pub (August 1998) pp. 11-32

Bressers, Hans Th. A. and Laurence J. O'Toole. "The Selection of Policy Instruments: A Network-based Perspective." Journal of Public Policy. 18, no. 3 (1998): 213-239.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Michael Howlett and M. Ramesh, Studying Public Policy: Policy Cycles and Policy Subsystems (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1995) Chapter 4.

Anne L. Schneider and Helen Ingram, "Behavioral Assumptions of Policy Tools," Journal of Politics, 52: 2, 1990

Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram, "Social Construction of Target Populations: Implications for Politics and Policy" in American Political Science Review 87 (2) 1993 pp. 334-347

Elmore, Richard F. "Instruments and Strategy in Public Policy." Policy Studies Review. 7, no. 1 (1987): 174-186.

Vedung, Evert. "Policy Instruments: Typologies and Theories." In R. C. R. a. E. V. Marie Louise Bemelmans-Videc, ed(s), Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their Evaluation, New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1997. 21-58.
 
 

 WEEK III: SUBSTANTIVE POLICY INSTRUMENTS (I): ORGANIZATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Leman, Christopher K. "The Forgotten Fundamental: Successes and Excesses of Direct Government." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. M. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. 53-92.

Musolf, Lloyd D. "The Government Corporation Tool: Permutations and Possibilities." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. M. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. 231-252.

Mayntz, Renate. "Public Bureaucracies and Policy Implementation." International Social Science Journal. 31, no. 4 (1979): 633-645.

Lundqvist, Lennart J. "Privatization: Towards a Concept for Comparative Policy Analysis." Journal of Public Policy. 8, no. 1 (1988): 1-19.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Davis, Glyn et al. "What Drives Machinery of Government Change? Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom 1950-1997." Public Administration. 77, no. 1 (1999): 7-50.

Howlett, M. and M. Ramesh. "Patterns of Policy Instrument Choice Policy Styles, Policy Learning and the Privatization Experience." Policy Studies Review. 12, no. 1 (1993)

Thomas, Norman C. "Adapting Policy-Making Machinery to Fiscal Stress: Canada, Great Britain, and the United States." In H. D. Clarke, M. C. Stewart and G. Zuk, ed(s), Economic Decline and Political Change, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989. 27-51.

Hood, Christopher. "Using Bureaucracy Sparingly." Public Administration. 61, no. 2 (1983): 197-208.

Dudley, Geoffrey. "British Steel and Government Since Privatization: Policy 'Framing' and the Transformation of Policy Networks." Public Administration. 77, no. 1 (1999): 51-71.

Aucoin, Peter. "The Design of Public Organizations for the 21st Century: Why Bureaucracy Will Survive in Public Management." Canadian Public Administration. 40, no. 2 (1997): 290-306.
 
 

 WEEK IV: SUBSTANTIVE POLICY INSTRUMENTS (II): AUTHORITATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Bardach, Eugene. "Social Regulation as a Generic Policy Instrument." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. M. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. 197-230.

Lemaire, Donald, "The Stick: Regulation as a Tool of Government" in Marie-Louise Bemelmans-Videc, Ray C. Rist and Evert Vedung eds., Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their Evaluation New Brunswick, N.J., Transaction Publishers, 1998 pp. 59-76

Crew, Michael A. and Charles K. Rowley. "Deregulation as an Instrument in Industrial Policy." Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics. 142(1986): 52-70.

Kerwin, Cornelius M. "The Elements of Rule-Making." In D. H. Rosenbloom and R. D. Schwartz, ed(s), Handbook of Regulation and Administrative Law, New York: Marcel Dekker, 1994. 345-381.

Kagan, Robert A. "Regulatory Enforcement." In D. H. Rosenbloom and R. D. Schwartz, ed(s), Handbook of Regulation and Administrative Law, New York: Marcel Dekker, 1994. 383-422.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: K. Hanf, "Regulatory Structures: Enforcement as Implementation" in European Journal of Political Research 2, 1982 pp. 159-172

Stigler, George. "The Theory of Economic Regulation" in The Citizen and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975. pp. 114-141

Barry M. Mitnick, "The Concept of Regulation" in Bulletin of Business Research 53(5) 1978 pp. 1-20

Paul A. Sabatier, "Regulatory Policy-Making: Toward A Framework of Analysis" in Natural Resources Journal 17 (3) 1977 pp. 415-460

Wilson, James Q. "The Politics of Regulation." In Social Responsibility and the Business Predicament, edited by J. W. McKie. Washington: Brookings Institute, 1974.

Hammond, Thomas H. and Jack H. Knott. "The Deregulatory Snowball: Explaining Deregulation in the Financial Industry." Journal of Politics. 50, no. 1 (1988): 3-30.

Eisner, Marc Allen. "Economic Regulatory Policies: Regulation and Deregulation in Historical Context." In D. H. Rosenbloom and R. D. Schwartz, ed(s), Handbook of Regulation and Administrative Law, New York: Marcel Dekker, 1994. 91-116.

McGarity, Thomas O. Reinventing Rationality: The Role of Regulatory Analysis in the Federal Bureaucracy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Vogel, Steven K. Freer Markets, More Rules: Regulatory Reform in Advanced Industrial Countries. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996.
 
 

 WEEK V: SUBSTANTIVE POLICY INSTRUMENTS (III): FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Woodside, K. "The Political Economy of Policy Instruments: Tax Expenditures and Subsidies." In The Politics of Canadian Public Policy, edited by M. Atkinson and M. Chandler. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1983. 173-197.

Frans L. Leeuw, "The Carrot: Subsidies as a Tool of Government" in Marie-Louise Bemelmans-Videc, Ray C. Rist and Evert Vedung eds., Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their Evaluation New Brunswick, N.J., Transaction Publishers, 1998 pp. 77-102

McDaniel, Paul R. "Tax Expenditures as Tools of Government Action." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. M. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. 167-196
 
 
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Haider, Donald. "Grants as a Tool of Public Policy." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. M. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. 93-124.

Lund, Michael S. "Between Welfare and the Market: Loan Guarantees as a Policy Tool." In Beyond Privatization: The Tools of Government Action, edited by L. M. Salamon. Washington D.C: Urban Institute, 1989. 125-166.

Barry M. Mitnick, The Political Economy of Regulation: Creating, Designing and Removing Regulatory Forms (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980) pp. 364-395

Parson, Edward A. and Karen Fisher-Vanden. "Joint Implementation of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Under the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism': Its Scope and Limits." Policy Sciences. 32(1999): 207-224.

Bressers, Hans Th. A. and Dave Huitema. "Economic Instruments for Environmental Protection: Can We Trust the "Magic Carpet"?" International Political Science Review. 20, no. 2 (1999): 175-196.
 
 

 WEEK VI: SUBSTANTIVE POLICY INSTRUMENTS (IV): INFORMATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:
 
 

Murray Edelman, The Symbolic Uses of Politics (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1964) pp. 44-72

Evert Vedung and Frans C.J. van der Doelen, "The Sermon: Information Programs in the Public Policy Process - Choice, Effects and Evaluation" in Marie-Louise Bemelmans-Videc, Ray C. Rist and Evert Vedung eds., Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: Policy Instruments and Their Evaluation New Brunswick, N.J., Transaction Publishers, 1998 pp. 103-128
 
 

Rothschild, Michael L. "Marketing Communications in Non-business Situations or Why Its So Hard to Sell Brotherhood Like Soap." Journal of Marketing. 43, no. Spring (1979): 11-20.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Padberg, D.I. "Nutritional Labeling as a Policy Instrument." American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 74, no. 5 (1992): 1208-1213.

Oscar H. Gandy, Beyond Agenda Setting: Information Subsidies and Public Policy (Norwood: Ablex, 1982) pp. 61-94

Adler, Robert S. and R. David Pittle. "Cajolry or Command: Are Education Campaigns an Adequate Substitute for Regulation." Yale Journal on Regulation 1(1984): 159-193.

Huszagh, Sandra M., Frederick W. Huszagh, and Kevin B. Buice. "The Marketing of Laws as an Alternative to Enforcement." In M. P. Mokwa and S. E. Permut, ed(s), Government Marketing: Theory and Practice, New York: Praeger, 1981. 288-303.

Janet A. Weiss and Mary Tschirhart, "Public Information Campaigns as Policy Instruments" in Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 13(1) 1994 pp. 82-119

Norberg-Bohm, Vicki. "Stimulating 'Green' Technological Innovation: An Analysis of Alternative Policy Mechanisms." Policy Sciences. 32(1999): 13-38.
 
 

 WEEK VII: POLICY INSTRUMENT THEORY (II): PROCEDURAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Johan A. de Bruijn and Ernst F. ten Heuvelhof, "Policy Networks and Governance" in David L. Weimer ed., Institutional Design Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995 pp. 161-179

Dunsire, Andrew. Manipulating Social Tensions: Collibratrion as an Alternative Mode of Government Intervention. Koln: Max PLank Institut fur Gesellschaftsforschung Discussion Paper 93/7, 1993.

Agranoff, Robert and Michael McGuire. "Managing in Network Settings." Policy Studies Review. 16, no. 1 (1999): 18-41.

Riker, William H. "Political Theory and the Art of Heresthetics." In A. W. Finifter, ed(s), Political Science: The State of the Discipline, Washington D.C.: American Political Science Association, 1983. 47-67.

Suchman, Mark C. "Managing Legitimacy: Strategic and Institutional Approaches." Academy of Management Review. 20, no. 3 (1995): 571-610.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Jurgen Habermas, "What Does a Legitimation Crisis Mean Today? Legitimation Problems in Late Capitalism" in Social Research 40(4) 1973 pp. 643-667.

David Beetham, The Legitimation of Power (London: Macmillan, 1991) pp. 42-63

Renate Mayntz, "Legitimacy and the Directive Capacity of the Political System" in Leon N. Lindberg et al eds. Stress and Contradiction in Modern Capitalism (Lexington: Lexington Books, 1975) pp. 261-274

Jan Kooiman, "Governance and Governability: Using Complexity, Dynamics and Diversity" in J. Kooiman ed. Modern Governance (London: Sage, 1993) pp. 35-50

Bressers, Hans Th. A. and Laurence J. O'Toole. "The Selection of Policy Instruments: A Network-based Perspective." Journal of Public Policy. 18, no. 3 (1998): 213-239.

Kenneth B. Woodside, "The Acceptability and Visibility of Policy Instruments" in B. Guy Peters and F. K. M. Van Nispen, eds. Public Policy Instruments : Evaluating the Tools of Public Administration New York: Edward Elgar Pub (August 1998) pp. 162-184

Nalbandian, John. "Facilitating Community, Enabling Democracy: New Roles for Local Government Managers." Public Administration Review. 59, no. 3 (1989): 187-197

Klijn, Erik-Hans, Joop Koppenjan, and Katrien Termeer. "Managing Networks in the Public Sector: A Theoretical Study of Management Strategies in Policy Networks." Public Administration. 73(1995): 437-454.

Klijn, E.H. and G.R. Teisman. "Effective Policymaking in a Multi-Actor Setting: Networks and Steering." In R. In 'T Veld, L. Schaap, C. J. A. M. Termeer and m. J. W. Van Twist, ed(s), Autopoiesis and Configuration Theory: New Approaches to Societal Steering, Dodrecht: Kluwer, 1991. 99-111.
 
 

 ** OUTLINES DUE
 
 
 
 

WEEK VIII: PROCEDURAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS (I): ORGANIZATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Erik-Hans Klijn, "Analyzing and Managing Policy Processes in Complex Networks: A Theoretical Examination of the Concept Policy Network and Its Problems" in Administration and Society 28(1) 1996 pp. 90-119.

Lindquist, Evert A. "Public Managers and Policy Communities: Learning to Meet New Challenges." Canadian Public Administration. 35, no. 2 (1992): 127-159.

Bickers, Kenneth N. and Robert M. Stein. "A Portfolio Theory of Policy Subsystems." Administration and Society. 26, no. 2 (1994): 158-184.

Smith, Martin J., David Marsh, and David Richards. "Central Government Departments and the Policy Process." Public Administration. 71(1993): 567-594.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Lorraine M. McDonnell and Richard F. Elmore, Alternative Policy Instruments, Santa Monica: Center for Policy Research in Education, 1987

Scott R. Furlong, "Reinventing Regulatory Development at the Environmental Protection Agency" in Policy Studies Journal 23 (3) 1995 pp. 466-482

J.A. de Bruijn and A.B. Ringeling, "Normative Notes: Perspectives on Networks" in W.J.M. Kickert, E-H. Klijn and J.F.M. Koppenjan eds., Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector (London: Sage, 1997) pp. 152-165

Humphries, Martha Anne and Donald R. Songer. "Law and Politics in Judicial Oversight of Federal Administrative Agencies." Journal of Politics. 61, no. 1 (1999): 207-220.

Gilmore, Thomas N. and James Krantz. "Innovation in the Public Sector: Dilemmas in the Use of Ad Hoc Processes." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 10, no. 3 (1991): 455-468.

Hood, Christopher. "The Hidden Public Sector: The 'Quangocratization' of the World?" In F.-X. Kaufman, G. Majone and V. Ostrom, ed(s), Guidance, Control, and Evaluation in the Public Sector, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1986. 183-207.

Hood, Christopher. "Keeping the Centre Small: Explanation of Agency Type." Political Studies. 36, no. 1 (1988): 30-46.
 
 

 WEEK IX: PROCEDURAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS (II): AUTHORITATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

W.J.M. Kickert and J.F.M. Koppenjan, "Public Management and Network Management: An Overview" in W.J.M. Kickert, E-H. Klijn and J.F.M. Koppenjan eds., Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector (London: Sage, 1997) pp. 35-61

Dion, Leon. "The Politics of Consultation." Government and Opposition. 8, no. 3 (1973): 332-353.

Stanbury, W . T. "A Sceptic's guide to the Claims of So-Called Public Interest Groups." Canadian Public Administration. 36, no. 4 (1993): 580-605.

McCubbins, Mathew D., Roger G. Noll, and Barry R. Weingast. "Administrative Procedures as Instruments of Political Control." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization. 3, no. 2 (1987): 243-277.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Charles W. Anderson, "Political Design and the Representation of Interests" in P.C. Schmitter and G. Lehmbruch eds., Trends Towards Corporatist Intermediation (London: Sage, 1979) pp. 271-297

Linder, Stephen H. "Coming to Terms with Public-Private Partnership." American Behavioural Scientist. 43, no. 1 (1999): 35-51.

Brown, David S. "The Public Advisory Board as an Instrument of Government." Public Administration Review. 15(1955): 196-201.

Brown, David S. "The Management of Advisory Committees: An Assignment for the '70's." Public Administration Review. 32(1972): 334-342.

Gill, Norman N. "Permanent Advisory Committees in the Federal Government." Journal of Politics. 2(1940): 411-425.

Smith, Thomas B. "Advisory Committees in the Public Policy Process." International Review of Administrative Sciences. 43, no. 2 (1977): 153-166.

Spence, David B. "Agency Discretion and the Dynamics of Procedural Reform." Public Administration Review. 59, no. 5 (1999): 425-442.

Riedel, James A. "Citizen Participation: Myths and Realities." Public Administration Review. May-June(1972): 211-220.
 
 
 
 

 WEEK X: PROCEDURAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS (III): FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:

Anthony Nownes and Grant Neeley, "Toward an Explanation for Public Interest Group Formation and Proliferation: "Seed Money", Disturbances, Entrepreneurship, and Patronage" in Policy Studies Journal, 24(1) 1996 pp. 74-92.

Michael Saward, Co-Optive Politics and State Legitimacy (Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1992) pp. 5-32 and 149-176

King, David C. and Jack L. Walker. "An Ecology of Interest Groups in America." In J. L. Walker, ed(s), Mobilizing Interest Groups in America: Patrons, Professions and Social Movements, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1991. 57-73.
 
 

 Recommended Reading:
 
  Maloney, William A., Grant Jordan, and Andrew M. McLaughlin. "Interest Groups and Public Policy: The Insider/Outsider Model Revisited." Journal of Public Policy. 14, no. 1 (1994): 17-38.

Leslie A. Pal, Interests of State: The Politics of Language, Multiculturalism, and Feminism in Canada Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1993 ] chapters 7-9

Lowry, Richard C. "Foundation Patronage Toward Citizen groups and Think Tank: Who Gets Grants?" The Journal of Politics. 81, no. 3 (1999): 758-776.

King, David C. and Jack L. Walker. "The Origins and Maintenance of Groups." In J. L. Walker, ed(s), Mobilizing Interest Groups in America: Patrons, Professions and Social Movements, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1991. 75-102.
 
 

 WEEK XI: THE POLICY CYCLE (V): PROCEDURAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS (IV): INFORMATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Required Reading:
 
 

C.J.A.M. Termeer and J.F.M Koppenjan, "Managing Perceptions in Networks" in W.J.M. Kickert, E-H. Klijn and J.F.M. Koppenjan eds., Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector (London: Sage, 1997) pp. 79-97
 
 

Relyea, Harold C. "The Provision of Government Information: the Freedom of Information Act Experience." Canadian Public Administration. 20, no. 2 (1977): 317-341.

Wraith, R.E. and G.B. Lamb. Public Inquiries as an Instrument of Government. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1971. Pp. 302-323
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Charles Salmon ed. Information Campaigns: Managing the Process of Social Change (Newberry Park: Sage, 1989)

Chapman, Richard A. "Commissions in Policy-Making." In R. A. Chapman, ed(s), The Role of Commissions in Policy-Making, London: George Allen and Unwin, 1973. 174-188.

Wheare, K.C. Government by Committee. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955. Chapter IV

Clokie, Hugh McDowall and J. William Robinson. Royal Commissions of Inquiry: The Significance of Investigations in British Politics. New York: Octagon Books, 1969. Pp. 24-53
 
 
 
 

 WEEK XII: POLICY INSTRUMENT THEORY (III): IMPLEMENTATION STYLES

Required Reading:

Richardson, Jeremy, Gunnel Gustafsson, and Grant Jordan. "The Concept of Policy Style." In Policy Styles in Western Europe, edited by J. J. Richardson. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1982. 1-16.

Kagan, Robert A. "Adversarial Legalism and American Government." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 10, no. 3 (1991): 369-406.

Kagan, Robert A. "Editor's Introduction: Understanding Regulatory Enforcement." Law and Policy. 11, no. 2 (1989): 89-119.

Gormley, William T. "Regulatory Enforcement." Political Research Quarterly. 51, no. 2 (1998): 363-383.
 
 

 Recommended Reading:
 
  Kagan, Robert A. and Lee Axelrad. "Adversarial Legalism: An International Perspective." In P. S. Nivola, ed(s), Comparative Disadvantages? Social Regulations and the Global Economy, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1997. 146-202.

Knill, Christopher. "European Policies: The Impact of National Administrative Traditions." Journal of Public Policy. 18, no. 1 (1998): 1-28.

Freeman, Gary P. "National Styles and Policy Sectors: Explaining Structured Variation." Journal of Public Policy. 5, no. 4 (1985): 467-496.

May, Peter J. et al. Environmental Management and Governance: Intergovernmental Approaches to Hazards and Sustainability. London: Routledge, 1997. Chapter 5

May, Peter J. and Soren Winter. "Regulatory Enforcement and Compliance: Examining Danish Agro-Environmental Policy." Journal of Policy Analyais and Management. 18, no. 4 (1999): 625-651.

Hutter, Bridget M. "Variations in Regulatory Enforcement Styles." Law and Policy. 11, no. 2 (1989): 153-174.
 
 
 
 
 
 

 WEEK XIII: CONCLUSION: FUTURE RESEARCH AGENDAS

Required Reading:

W.J.M. Kickert, E.-H. Klijn and J.F.M. Koppenjan, "Managing Networks in the Public Sector: Findings and Reflections" in W.J.M. Kickert, E-H. Klijn and J.F.M. Koppenjan eds., Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector (London: Sage, 1997) pp. 166-191

Metcalfe, Les. "International Policy Co-ordination and Public Management Reform." International Review of Administrative Sciences. 60(1994): 271-290.

Hood, Christopher. "Contemporary Public Management: A New Global Paradigm?" Public Policy and Administration. 10, no. 2 (1995): 104-117.

Dunsire, Andrew. "A Cybernetic View of Guidance, Control and evaluation in the Public Sector." In F.-X. Kaufman, G. Majone and V. Ostrom, ed(s), Guidance, Control, and Evaluation in the Public Sector, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1986. 327-346.

Scholz, John T. "Cooperation, Deterrence, and the Ecology of Regulatory Enforcement." Law and Society Review. 18, no. 2 (1984): 179-224.

Aucoin, Peter. "Administrative Reform in Public Management: Paradigms, Principles, Paradoxes and Pendulums." Governance. 3, no. 2 (1990): 115-137.

Daugbjerg, Carsten. "Policy Networks and Agricultural Policy Reforms: Explaining Deregulation in Sweden and Re-regulation in the European Community." Governance. 10, no. 2 (1997): 123-142.
 
 

 Recommended Reading: Peters, B. Guy. "Policy Transfers Between Governments: The Case of Administrative Reforms." West European Politics. 20, no. 4 (1997): 71-88.

Roeland J. in't Veld. "The Dynamics of Instruments" in B. Guy Peters and F. K. M. Van Nispen, eds. Public Policy Instruments : Evaluating the Tools of Public Administration New York: Edward Elgar Pub (August 1998) pp. 153-162

Frans K.M. van Nispen and Arthur B. Ringeling "On Instruments and Instrumentality: A Critical Assessment" in B. Guy Peters and F. K. M. Van Nispen, eds. Public Policy Instruments : Evaluating the Tools of Public Administration New York: Edward Elgar Pub (August 1998) pp. 204-217

Knill, Christopher "Explaining Cross-National Variance in Administrative Reform: Autonomous versus Instrumental Bureaucracies." Journal of Public Policy. 19, no. 2 (1999): 113-139.

Egeberg, Morten. "The Impact of Bureaucratic Structure on Policy Making." Public Administration. 77, no. 1 (1999): 155-170.

Scholz, John T. "Cooperative Regulatory Enforcement and the Politics of Administrative Effectiveness." American Political Science Review. 85, no. 1 (1991): 115-136.
 
 

 ** PAPERS DUE