Elizabeth Smart

  • b. 27 December 1913 in Ottawa
  • father a patent lawyer; mother a hostess
  • educated at private school to be “British”
  • family part of diplomatic and political circle of Ottawa
  • summer cottage in Gatineau hills next door to cottage of William Lyon Mackenzie King
  • knew Lester B. Pearson, poet Frank Scott, met James Barrie at his home; familiar with artists, writers, politicians
  • at 10, published first poem
  • at 11, kept home for year with heart ailment; read while invalid
  • 15 collected her writings as The Complete Works of Betty Smart
  • 1933 – mother refused her university as unlady-like, but escorted Elizabeth to England for piano studies
  •  2 stints in London; stayed with sister while studying piano;
  • travels with mother and sisters or as companion and secretary to widow, Mrs. Watt; tour of Sweden and Germany, Norway and Scotland; made 22 trans-atlantic crossings in her teens

 

“While winding myself into that awful green dress which cuts into the back of my neck, and my awful girdle that smells of rubber and heat and holes, Bill Atkin arrived. He is dark and ganster-looking but tall and slimmish in a white tie. Susan was shocked at me keeping him waiting….” (Necessary Secrets 4).

 

 

“Bill said write all the time keep a diary – so here it is” (5).

 

 

“The girl gave me a wash and wanted to pluck my eyebrows which made me mad – why should they always want to standardize even me? I am sick of this Mayfair fashionable smart – socialnessTatler-Spectator – jealousy – boredom -  toeing the mark (17).

 

“I think I will write a book. But what on? Really, it is awfully hard to decide. I think I will go to bed and sleep, then perhaps I shall have some ideas. Go to bed. Yes. At once. Go without anything for today? No action? No word? That is hideous destruction of youth and waste of life. Yes it is waste of life. I shall sleep and forget” (31)

 

“The sun and the grass and the shining sky made one think of places that are all that – where you can wallow in them. I cannot enjoy anything unless I can be part of it. Harmonize. Sense it itself. The whole beauty, the whole life – the whole point of a place is lost if I have to walk through it in high-heeled clob-hob shoe, stockings – or miserable dresses and coats and girdles or garters of any kind. No use. No use at all” (23).

 

“Read To the Lighthouse. Finished it. First half specially good. Mrs. Ramsay not unlike Mummy in some ways” (39).

 

 

 

 

 

“I looked at the queer lake and thought it is like something. What is it like? Oh! It’s like a wet olive. That’s good I said. It will go well in my diary. It is like a wet olive. It will be impressive. Then thought: I am copying Virginia Woolf. I am being influenced and “making phrases.” I am cheating. I am not being myself – but taking her construction putting on a light meaning and saying O how original I am – and how apt. Then – isn’t all this truth-speaking and self-analysis, isn’t it all her influence or someone’s – not your own? All this pretending to get at the core. It’s not true, really. But then I thought as I scrubbed my back with a lint cloth and French Fern soap (brown and oval) isn’t it permissible to be stimulated by people honourably, to be made more alert and alive and noting of things by others? To be shown and taught. Cannot I be stimulated by Virginia Woolf and Katherine Mansfield (who is sometimes reflected in V.W.) and Mary Webb and Barrie and the others? Yes, why not? To be only my own original nature self – to be the thing that is the strongest urge at my depths – that is to lay all that down and laugh at it and walk on a mountain alone – really alone in a wild place. And not want to meet a soul. And that is really true and it is the urge and the flame and it needs no fanning. Things seem false if they are conscious. Conscious fun – nothing – revolting. Spontaneous they must be – bursting and self-forgetful” (38).

 

 

  • while in Sweden, reads D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterly’s Lover, which is banned in England:

 

“Why tell her I did not even know it was banned. That several “Oxford people” had been a bit scornful because I had not read it. That I bought it because I thought it was something I should read? That anyway I didn’t care one way or any other what my country read? That it was good. Great….

            How people can contaminate things! She almost made it unclean for me. But no. There it was and I was swept on its great tide. She had made me feel as though I should read it in a dark corner secretly and then hide it. But when I finished that great declaration of D.H.L’s faith in the last letter, I was conquered, and not ashamed of the book and not influenced by small minds…Why on earth are sensual joys supposed to be so low?” (45)

 

 

travels to Norway, Scotland

  • dates Lord Pentland
  • also reading James Joyce’s Ulysses, the Rosettis , William Morris

 

            “I must marry a poet. It’s the only thing. Why don’t I know any?

            My neck is dirty.

            No! I am a fool. A complete egotist brooding on myself because I haven’t enough to occupy me. All I need is hard work, exercise” (81).

 

 

 

“After dinner we saw the movie Mr. Deeds Goes to Town with Gary Cooper and Jean Arthur and it restored a bit of sanity. I stood resigned never again to have the wayward desires of youth and flesh and listened while Mrs. Watt embarrassed me by asking a large Mr. Lowry of New Zealand how much to tip” (107).

 

 

  • 1936 -  travels round the world with Mrs. Watt – the Rockies, Vancouver, Victoria, Seattle, San Francisco, New Zealand, Australia; reads Proust, 19th centur essays, André Gide, Hemingway, E.M. Forster

 

            “I don’t want to get married any more. I dreamt I was married to John. First of all we were all at church singing hymns. Peggy and Lady Pentland behind. John was very sweet and helpful. But then I had to make an enormous bed for Lady Pentland and she didn’t like the way I was making it. It had piles and piles of extra blankets and things for padding. I was trying terribly hard, but I couldn’t please her. John was somewhere in the background, sympathetic but unable to do more.

            How can I possibly marry and sign away my life?

            If I married John wouldn’t Charles disturb moy life? And what if I married Charlie? I suppose it’s too late to marry Frampton. Then there are always the velvet eyes of the world. I couldn’t consider anyone else. O what about Gilbert? Yes. He’s another symbol. Men, careers, one excludes all others for ever. Where is an occupation that embraces all things? And where a man?” (115).

 

 “The poets are the most exciting things I know, - Auden, Archibald McLeish, Conrad Aiken, Emily Dickinson, Spender, etc.” (124).

 

  • 1937 – Ceylon, Egypt, Palestine – exposure to Buddhism, reading Henry James
  • 1938 – returns to Canada and writes for The Ottawa Journal (society pages, interviews)
  • sends her poems to Booster, a magazine edited by Lawrence Durrell.
  • 1939 – moves to New York on her own
  • vists artist couple Paalens in Mexico; has relationship with Alice Paalen
  • Durrell and Smart begin correspondence
  • Smart notes that she likes poetry of George Barker
  • Durrell puts her in touch with Barker noting that Barker may be willing to sell his manuscripts since Barker is short of money
  • Smart becomes lover of artist Jean Varda
  • reads Henry Miller, Moby Dick, Anais Nin

 

“Barkers’ new poems arrived and I say how ashamed I am to have thought mine were poetry for he alone says exactly what I wanted to say, and even the very word sounds I was wanting to utter, and the same elastic bounding back” (245).

 

 

George Barker – b. 1913 in England

  • working class; Irish mother and English father
  • public school educated
  • published first book of poems at age 20
  • introduced to T.S. Eliot at the Criterio
  • Eliot assists Barker in getting second book published
  • Barker gets temporary position in Japan I 1940
  • Barker concerned with his own suicide and death and political situation in Japan is tenuous
  • appeals to Smart to fund his and his wife’s trip out of Japan

 

  • Smart works as a maid to raise money for Barker’s trip
  • Her work pays for 1/3 of ticket; Christopher Isherwood contributes the remainder (working as scriptwriter in Hollywood)
  • July 1940 – Smart drives to Monterey to pick up Barker and wife Jessie
  • August 1940 – Smart and Barker are lovers; the three of them find Jessie a house
  • Barker and Smart leave for New York
  • arrested at Arizona state border on suspicion of being spies
  • Smart detained for having improper passport stamp and Barker released
  • he returns to Jessie
  • once Smart is released, Barker joins her and they go to New York for two weeks
  • Barker stays on to write and Smart returns to Ottawa
  • eventually she goes to Pender Harbour to live.
  • Smart pregnant; unbeknownst to her, Barker still involved with Jessie
  • Smart finished By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept two weeks before baby Georgina is born

 

  • Barker visits once; Mrs. Smart files charges of mural turpitude against him and he is denied further entry into Canada
  • eventually Smart goes to Washington, D.C. to work – she and Barker commute
  • she breaks off relationship and leaves for London on war convoy; three ships in convoy sunk; her ship is hit, but arrives
  • Forbidden work due to pregnancy
  • Barker locates her and they resume relationship
  • 1945- By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept is published in London; 2000 copies
  • 6 copies make it to Ottawa bookstore; Mrs. Smart has them confiscated and burnt; influences Prime Minister Mackenzie King to ban further importation
  • Smart supports 4 children by Barker through journalism, advertising copy
  • By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept reissued in paperback in 1966 to critical acclaim
  • Smart retires to cottage in Suffolk to write
  • 1977 – A Bonus – first publication in 30 years
  • 1978 – The Assumption of the Rogues and Rascals; published in Canada in 1982 when Canadians first hear of Smart
  • 1982 – 83 – Smart receives Senior Arts Grant from Canada Council and stays in Toronto; also writer –in-residence at Unviersity of Alberta
  • returns to England
  • 1984 – In the Meantime – collection of poems, autobiographical sketches
  • 1986 – journals published as Necessary Secrets;
  • Smart dies 4 March 1986.
  • Barker has 11 other children with various women