Linguistics 322

Exercises

Exercise 3:

• Draw by hand using a straight edge (ruler) for the tree diagrams, the phrase structure for the following phrases including spell-out: (don't forget null forms and Case)
  • the six children

  

  • both the men

  

In the following two phrases include voice and aspect only, you may use the short form of NP but you must include Case):

• sell every box of sweet peaches



• be driven to school by the neighbor



• Find all the logical syntactic complements in the first two above phrases.
  'every box of sweet peaches', of 'sell';
  'of sweet peaches', of 'box';
  'sweet peaches', of 'of'';
  
• Why are the following ungrammatical:
  • *every cups
    'every' = [-Pl]; 'cups' = [+l]; mismatch or nonagreement. Note that 'every' cup' can mean only one cup = EVERY NULL ONE CUP.
  • *all two feet
    'all' = [+Pl, -Dual], 'two' = [+Pl, +Dual]. No agreement.
• Name the three strategies of syntax
  copy a feature under terms of government
  target a host and adjoin a feature to the required host
  insert a dummy form.
  

• Determine the lexical entry for the verbs COOK and FEED.
  See The Lexicon (You may skip theta roles, semantics, subcategorization, selectional restrictions)
  

  Item	Property
  COOK	morphnological form
  +V, -N	category
  /kUk/ (lax vowel)	phonological form
  -Host	hosting
  +Case_Inh, -Nom; -Nom	Case
  stem	morphological property

Item	Property
FEED	morphnological form
+V, -N	category
/fid/ (tense vowel)	phonological form
-Host	hosting
+Case_Inh, -Nom; -Nom	Case
stem	morphological property
fe / ____ [+Past], PPP	irregular stem
{[+Past], PPP} -> /d/	irreglar past and ppp suffixes.

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