322 Syntax

Exercise 5

Complete the following from Carnie on p. 83:

Complete number 1. Consider the tree as is for this problem (even if it isn't correct).

S, VP, PP, NP₃,

NP₃

no

D₁, AP

T, VP and everything that VP dominates

VP

VP and everything that VP dominates

the big bully, NP₁ T VP, V NP₂ PP, P NP₃, and D₃ N₃.

VP

yes

NP₂, N₂, PP and every thing that PP dominates.

the big bully

apples

the grocer

yes

PP

V, NP₂, PP

S

he, big, bully, will, buy, apples, from, the, grocer

D₃

Complete number 5.

a) It never rains violently in southern California.

subject: it; direct object: none; ind. object: none; prepositional object: southern California.

b) Soon we should give the family dog another bath.

subject: we; direct object: another bath; ind. object: the family dog; prepositional object: none.

c) The quiz show contestant bravely made a wild guess about the answer.

subject: The quiz show contestant; direct object: a wild guess; ind. object: none; prepositional object: the answer.

Complete number 6; use the X⁰ notation starting from the bottom up.

1) (D⁰⁾ N⁰=N-bar⁰ <--> N-bar^1. (replace this with:)

(D¹) N-bar⁰ <--> N-bar¹ = NP

Technically, this rule is inadequate. It implies that there may or may not be a determiner for each noun. It appears that determiners are required for definite noun subject, but not for noun objects. If so, then we need two rules.

(I will accept either N⁰ or N-bar⁰. If Q is included, allow it although we don't know where numbers go.)

2) P⁰ NP <--> P¹ (or PP or P¹=PP)

3) V⁰ (NP) <--> V¹. (etc.)

V¹ PP <--> V².

4) VP NP <--> S (the reversal of this is acceptable: S <--> VP NP)

5. il Maruche.

6. Subject

7. Yes

8. Yes

9. Yes

10.

^{Important here is that the above trees reflect the students' P-rules.}

Complete number 7; use the X⁰ notation starting from the bottom up.

1) D⁰ N⁰=N-bar¹ (etc.)

2) This one is tricky. In some languages P is adjoined to the NP which is its complement. However, we do not have direct evidence that the ending is a P. Accept any answer that is roughly related to either point of view. If there is no answer, then º for this question.

3) NP V⁰ <--> V¹. (etc.)

4) NP VP <--> S

5)

I'm allowing µ¹ since there is no evidence for quantifiers. I'll allow 2 as well.

6) Hunáa'a yá'uraa

7) There is no direct object.

8) yá'uraa

9) VP

10) V

11) A¹

12) A¹, N^1B, V¹ (or VP)

13) tótoi'as´o'olam

14) taáwe tótoi'as´o'olam

15) no

16) yes

Go to 322 home page and find the section "computer grammar aids." or click here: Computer Grammar Aids

Complete therein #1, #2, #5. #6. #9 and #13.

This is not a written exercise, and you won't be graded on it. But you must turn in the page that informs the marker that you have completed it. There will be more of these later.

Not fixed yet.

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