At 01 February 1865 took place the initialization of the Eberswalder horse coach traffic .
At 29 April 1882 demonstrated Werner von
Siemens in Halensee near Berlin an electrically propelled car,
which was supplied by a
two-pole overhead line with current and operated on a 540 m long
test section. This possessed about two electric motors of 2.2
kW
power, which affected over a chain transmission the rear wheels.
At 15.03.1901 the first trolleybus route
was opened in Eberswalde between Alsenplatz and railway station.
This trolleybus route was a
test route and was adjusted after 3 months because of lack of
the contact system .
In the year 1904 short timely a second attempt was dared.
The mental father of the "trackless
courses" was however Max Schiemann (1886-1933). He developed
this means of transport further
in its own design engineering department, created a manufacturing
distance and opened at 10 July 1901 a 4 km long distance in
Saxonian Switzerland between Königstein and Königbrunn
for the public persons - and goods traffic, the "Bielathal
Motorbahn". He
developed among other things contact bars (trolleys) for taking
off electricity by the trolleybus overhead lines, they are using
also
today.strom abnehmen
At 01.01.1910 was opened the single-railed
distance of the Eberswalder tram. The operation was executed on
a distance by 3,6 km
length with 6 trams and led from the Kleinbahnhof across Hauptbahnhof
and Markt to the cemetery.
First a standardization and a larger quantity
production of vehicles and systems for the electric trolleybus
operation systems were
missing in Germany. The advancement of the electric trolleybuse
hesitated out by the world war 1 and the following economic crisis
around years. In the twenties the generation of electricity in
Germany could be substantially increased and this energy be offered
for
favourable prices. During this time the Rheinisch-Westfälischen
Elektrizitätswerke (power stations) advanced the development
of the
electric trolleybus. From the year 1936 was strengthened tackled
the building of electric trolleybus networks. Basis for this was
an
order of the realm ministers for arms- and war production of the
fascist Germany. In the course of efforts of armament fuels should
be
saved to a large extent particulary in medium-sized towns.
The public utility of Eberswalde gave the
job for the building of a electric trolleybus operation system
to the company Brown, Boveri
and Cie. AG (BBC) in February 1939.
At 03.11.1940 a 15.8 km long trolleybus
network was start to work in Eberswalde as compensation for the
at 01.11.1940 shut downed
tram. It was delayed by the outbreak of the world war 2 and the
adjustment of the industry on arms production. Actual date was
for the
start of working 01 January 1940. But this goal fell the supply
the not in time of the ordered trolleybuses of the type MAN to
the victim.
Also the completion of the single overhead contact system by the
company BBC prepared large problems.
The trolleybus traffic was to start working with 5 trolleybuses
of the type MAN (from Werdau). The double tracing route network,
for
single pole current collector system BBC executed, has a length
of 6,1 km including the branch to the depot Bergerstr. The duoble
tracing route ran of Westend, Boldtstr. over Kleinbahnhof, Hauptbahnhof,
Markt, cemetery to the artillery-barracks with a double tracing
branch over Saarstrasse to the outskirts Ostend. The depot was
in the former tram hall in the Bergerstr. The current supply took
place
via the transformer system of the former tram, completed via an
electric rectifier.
The rolling stock is extended 1941 by 3
trolleybuse and covers 1943, by the purchase of 2 further trolleybuse
of the type
MAN-Schuhmann, 10 trolleybuse. Nine trailers of the company Lindner
completed the rolling stock of the Eberswalder public utilities.
In calculation of the transport need of the population of the
city Eberswalde they ordered further 4 trolleybuse in Werdau.
Briefly before end world war 2, at 25/04/1945,
the city of Eberswalde was destroyed, also the depot, by a German
(You have read
correctly !) bomb attack. The depot and the repairing station
burned out. It were destroyed 8 trolleybuse, 3 trailers and 1
other bus, 2
further trailers and a defective bus were stolen in war confusions
and remained untraceable. From the rolling stock remain only few
damaged vehicles (2 trolleybuse, 4 trailers and a other bus).
By the trolleybus No. 1 only the structure was usable after repair.
As only
vehicle the trolleybus No. 4 was still ready for driving after
"slight" repairing. Since also the trolleybus overhead
system was
destroyed, the trolleybus traffic was stopped.
In May 1945 was the beginning of the reconstruction of the trolleybus overhead system under catastrophic conditions.
At 07/08/1945 the resumption of the trolleybus
operation took place between Westend and the Alsen-Platz (today
Karl-Marx-Platz) with
the only operational trolleybus of the type MAN-Schumann after
almost 3 monthly repairing of the trolleybus overhead. At the
Alsen-Platz was the branch to the depot.
The only trolleybus oscillated in the two-layered action between
the two end points. This status had naturally to be modified.
In September 1945 representatives of public
utilities Eberswalde, accompanied from the Soviet commander of
city at that time, drove
to Werdau. Two of the trolleybuses, they were ordered there for
a long time, were fetched. These were not however immediately
applicable.
In November 1945 took place the resumption
of the operation on the line Karl-Marx-Platz to the Markt and
a new trolleybus from
Hentschel, (k-type; so-called war unit bus standard size 1) NR.
2(II), which in September 1945 had been already fetched, was putting
to traffic.
Although there were even large problems in the first months after
end of war, the public utilities nevertheless succeeded to keep
a
relatively continuous regular transport service upright to .
In March 1946 the resumption of the operation
took place on the line market to the Gertraudenstr. In the same
period two further
trolleybuses from Werdau were fetched.
In December 1946 the resumption of the
operation took place on the stage Gertraudenstr . to the corner
Otto-Krachel-Str. and the
k-trolleybuses No. 4(II) and 5(II) is used.
At 11.07.1947 the resumption of the operation
took place on the single-railed trolleybus overhead system line
from the
Otto-Krachel-Str. to the final stop Ostende. One trolleybus oscillated
on the new distance paragraph and 2 trolleybuses protected the
regular transport service of the line Gertraudenstraße to
the Boldtstraße.
The former branch to the artillery - barracks were not again structured.
Despite maintenance problems at the trolleybuses
and at the trolleybus overhead system traffic could become secured
by April 1948.
Due to lack of tire driving had to be stopped then from April
to September 1948.
The restarting operation in October took place with only one vehicle.
In the years 1948/49 took place the gradual
reconstruction of the route network and the rolling stock. Were
10 trolleybuses and 9
trailers in the use.
One trolleybus had in the meantime failed
and so could be used four trolleybuses only with the start working
of the fourth k-Obus [No.
3(II)] on 09 May 1950.
Starting from 1950 the GDR manufactured
own trolleybuses in the now state-owned companies Werdau and Ammendorf
of the
Lokomotiv-und Waggonbau (LOWA).
On one Sunday in December 1951 took place
the change of the overhead line and of the trolleybuses from the
single current collector
system BBC on the two current collector system in Eberswalde.
With the dissolution of the "Kommunalen
Wirtschaftsbetriebes" (KWU) becomes the VEB Verkehrsbetriebe
Eberswalde more
independent starting from 01 May 1951.
The rolling stock extended by 3 trolleybuses of the type 50a of the VEB Waggonbau Werdau [Nr.6(II) to 8(II)] in 1951.
The still single-lane distance Freienwalder
Straße/Gertraudenstraße-Ostende can starting be driven
again two-laned on from
November 1952.
At 05.04.1953 the two-lane new building
distance Stadtzentrum-Nordend became opened. The line Westend-Nordend
has a total
length of 5,0 km, the single-lane loop by the Käthe- Kollwitz-Str.
and Rosa-Luxembourg-Str. is 0.8 km long. A regular transport service
with trolleybuses could take place only Sundays, since sufficient
trolleybuses were not disposal. On other days traffic with a motor
bus
became secured. The quarter Nordend already was connected during
the war by a bus line, which became to drive on since 1950
again regularly.
In the year 1953 took place the putting
to traffic of the first GDR -unit trolleybuses of the type LOWA
W 601 and in the year 1956 of the
type LOWA W 602e. In the same year the electric rectifier station
was transferred into the new building of administration in the
Bergerstraße.
With the putting to traffic of the trolleybus
No. 9(II) (type W 602a) the traffic on the northend-line was expanded
from Sundays to the
entire week.
The last trolleybus of the type MAN was taken out of service in 1957.
In the year 1957 the manufacturing of trolleybuses
was stopped in the GDR for ever. In RGW (advice for mutual economic
aid of the
formerly socialist Eastern Bloc countries, COMECOM) had been decided
before that the GDR would keep trolleybuses in the future
exclusive from the Skoda factories from the CSSR (today Czech
Republic).
Starting from 1958 the first trolleybuses
of the type Skoda 8 Tr were imported from the CSSR, in Eberswalde
are used 5 trolleybuses
of this type.
The two trolleybuse of the type W 602a Nr. 4(III) and 9(II) delivered
to Berlin to the BVG in the exchange against trolleybuses of the
type
Skoda 8 Tr.
Two further trolleybuses of the type Skoda
8 Tr were used in 1960. In the year 1962 for the first time 5
trolleybuses of the type Skoda 9
Tr are used in Eberswalde.
The vehicle supply in the period 1958 to
1962 enabled the disconnection or de-activating of all old vehicles.
After termination of this
process 7 trolleybuses of the type Skoda 8Tr and 5 trolleybuses
of the type Skoda 9 Tr were in the rolling stock of the transporting
enterprises.
In order to be able to protect a brisk
passenger dispatching in the regular transport service, on 01
November 1962 the view card
system was introduced.
In August 1967 the passenger dispatching
was changed over to the dispatching system OS (without conductor)
with pay box. It was
introduced entrance at the driver .
In the years 1969/70 the transporting enterprises
bought altogether 10 new trolleybuses of the type Skoda 9 Tr.
Also they took over 5
trolleybuses of the typeSkoda 9 Tr from the urban trolleybus operation
system Gera and 2 trolleybuses of the type Skoda 9 Tr from the
urban traffic operation Dresden, which had adjusted both their
trolleybus traffic in 1970.
The German Democratic Republic (GDR) received
in 1970 for the last time trolleybuses of the type Skoda fresh
from the factory from
the CSSR. This were the last new trolleybuses till for the year
1983.
The modifications in the administrative
structure and the joint venture of the cities Eberswalde and Finow
did not affect insignificantly
the affiliation of the urban VEB Verkehrsbetriebe Eberswalde to
the VEB Kraftverkehr Eberswalde Finow on 01 January 1970.
At 07 April 1973 was inaugurated for a
better traffic development a new single-trace route, Straße
der Jugend-Neue
Straße-Poratzstraße, in Nordend. The loop distance
has a length of 2,7 km. The length of the line Westend-Nordend
amounts to now
5,2 km. In this connection the loop Käthe-Kollwitz-Straße
/ Rosa-Luxembourg-Straße was taken down.
End of the 70's came the trolleybus operation
in almost all cities of the GDR to succumbing. From the many trolleybus
operation
systems in the GDR only three withstood the strong economic pressure,
Potsdam, Weimar and Eberswalde-Finow. Increasingly
headaches made in 1980 in the meantime the completely worn rolling
stock in Weimar and Potsdam. The trolleybuses of
Eberswalde could be further used owing to a careful maintenance.
It were many efforts, much optimism and imaginativeness as well
as a high readiness of action, particularly the technician and
maintenance, necessary, to fulfill over - temporarily as only
trolleybus
operating enterprise in the GDR - in its entirety the functions
in traffic in the city. In addition, a back-up was also necessary
in
Eberswalde. Due to the missing supply of new vehicles the trolleybus
operation system in Eberswalde was from time to time
threatened from deactivation.
The green-white colour of the vehicles was changed in 1970 by the ivory colour.
The electric rectifier substation was reconstructed and extended in 1975.
In the year 1978 the full automation of
the electric rectifier station was concluded. In the same year
the first electrical points was built
into the route network at the Karl-Marx-Platz. It was an self-development
of the Kraftverkehrsbetrieb Eberswalde-Finow and was also
built there.
Until 1980 all still available, manually serving points were replaced
by electrical points.
The world-wide oil crisis, beginning in 1981, favoured the decisions to kept the trolleybuses.
In the year 1983 the rolling stock consisted of one trolleybus of the type Skoda 8 Tr and 15 trolleybuse of the type Skoda 9 Tr.
In the year 1983 after almost 15 year old
interruption, Skoda offered the GDR trolleybuse fresh from the
factory of the the type Skoda
14 Tr . At the beginning of 1984 3 vehicles came to Eberswalde.
The trolleybuses received the car numbers 1(IV) to 3(IV). These
trolleybuse originally should be supplied to Sarajevo/Yugoslavia.
However the vehicles did not to took off there due to problems
of the
equipment.
In April 1984 was taken out of traffic the last trolleybus of the type Skoda 8Tr in Eberswalde.
In the year 1984 the council of the city
Eberswalde decides the extension of the electric trolleybus operation
systems into the new city
quarter named "Max Reimann".
In June 1985 the new electric rectifier substation east (GUW Ost) near the Friedensbrücke is connected to.
Approximately 42 years the trailer operation was executed. On 04 July 1985 was the last traffic day.
At 31/08/1985 the first six trolleybuses
of the type IKARUS 280.93 were used, which was manufactured in
Budapest/Hungary. The
supply covered altogether 13 vehicles. With the same day a new
ticket system was introduced for the passenger dispatching. The
passengers must made the tickets invalid himself by an electrical
printer.
In the year 1986 6 further trolleybuses of the type IKARUS 280.93 followed from Hungary.
In the year 1986 the extension for the trolleybus overhead system into the new city quarter named "Max Reimann" was beginning.
In October 1987 were transferred per 2
of trolleybuses of the type IKARUS 280.93 by the puplic utilitys
of potsdam and Weimar to
Eberswalde. The trolleybuses of the type Skoda 9 Tr were deactivated
unless 2 vehicles.
At 06/11/1987 took place the inauguration
of the extension for the trolleybus overhead system (length 3,1km)
of westends to the new
city quarter named "Max Reimann", today "Brandenburgisches
Viertel". The regular transport service is taken up at
08/11/1987. The trolleybus operation system covers now the line
1 Max-Reimann-Viertel - Nordend and the line 2 Westend-Ostend.
The last trolleybuses of the type Skoda 9 Tr (No. 27 and 29[II])were taken out of service in Eberswalde in the year 1988.
In December 1989 the electric rectifier
substation west (GUW west) near the bus stop Forsthaus was taken
in operation. Thus the
mobile rectifier substation could be shut down.
In the context of a vehicle type clearance
the three trolleybuses No. 1(IV) to 3(IV) of the type Skoda 14
Tr were transferred in December
1989 to Potsdam. From Potsdam came there for the 3 remaining trolleybuses
of the type IKARUS 280.93, NR. 951 to 953, to
Eberswalde.
The rolling stock was expanded in January
1990 for further 5 trolleybuses of the type IKARUS 280.93. The
trolleybuses received the
car numbers 21,22(II) - 25(II). Am 31/01/1990 were 25 trolleybuses
of the type IKARUS 280.93 in the type-pure rolling stock.
At 05/04/1990 5 new trolleybuses of the type IKARUS 280.93 were putting to traffic.
On 02 July 1990 took place the inauguration
of the extension for the trolleybus overhead system from the Lenin-Straße/
Spechthausener Straße to the Schönholzer Straße
place Kleiner Stern in the quarter Finow. It was driven on by
the line 2. The new
building distance have a length of 2,1 km. Thus also the quarters
Finow was attached to the trolleybus operation system.
At 03/11/1990 was the 50th anniversary of the most-used means of transport of our city Eberswalde, the trolleybus.
At 30/ and 31/10/1991 the depot moved house
from the Bergerstraße to the area of the Barnimer Bus Compaby
Ltd. (formerly VEB
Kraftverkehr Eberswalde Finow) in quarter Nordend/Poratzstraße.
At the same time the new workshop was putting into service and
the old depot, from streetcar times still almost unchanged, in
the Bergerstraße was shut down.
At 04/11/1991 a new timetable was introduced.
Since the depot moved house also the service changed. The formerly
15 minute traffic
on the lines S 1 and S 2 with a clock compression on 6 or 8 minutes
in the rush hour were replaced by a 10 minute traffic all the
day.
For this 14 trolleybuses were then needed.
This conversion took place, since in the meantime no transport
points in the rush hours were to be registered. The 15 minute
traffic
on both lines on Saturdays and Sunday afternoon were replaced
by 20 minute traffic. The 30 minutes traffic in the evening and
also
Sunday in the morning remained.
In April 1992 5 used trolleybuses of the
type Gräf & Stift GS GE 110 M16 were purchased by the
Salzburger public utilities/transporting
enterprises. The 5 trolleybuses were transferred at 12/ or 13/04/1992
by railway with low load railroad wagons from Salzburg/A to
Eberswalde/FRG.
These 5 trolleybuses were of April 1992 to 04/07/1995 in Eberswalde
in use, were then selected, 2 pieces scrapped and 3 pieces
delivered to Timisoara/Romania.
On 01 July 1993 the distance Brandenburgisches Viertel-Kleiner Stern was putting to traffic.
In July 1993 5 new trolleybuses of the type ÖAF Gräf & Stift NGE 152 M18 was putting to traffic.
In the year 1994 further 10 trolleybuses of the type ÖAF Gräf & Stift NGE 152 M18 were putting to traffic.
After the reunification of Germany the trolleybus operation system were fundamentally renewed in Eberswalde.
Starting from 05.04.1997 trolleybus traffic
at Saturdays, Sundays and holidays was stopped from cost reasons.
The lines S 1 and S 2
are then driven on with buses with Diesel engine.
At 04.08.1997 was modified the line numbers
with the introduction of a new weekend timetable and due to the
entry of the Barnimer
Busgesellschaft ltd. to the traffic network Berlin-Brandenburg.
The line S 1 was renamed in line 861 and the line S 2 in line
862.
At the weekend and holidays in the time of 08:00 to 18:00 o'clock
drive the trolleybuses in the 30 minutes traffic, otherwise only
every
60 minutes traffic.
Starting from 22/11/1997 a new bus stop
between Friedhof(cemetery) and Saarstraße on the line 862
toward eastend was opened. It
is called Freienwalder Straße.
Starting from December 1997 partly again
trolleybus traffic was taken up on weekend. On the line 861 again
trolleybuse operate and
on the line 862 further is executed traffic with buses with Diesel
engine.
From 05/01/1998 a new timetable for the
lines 861 and 862 was put into effect.
On workdays from 06:00 o'clock to 08:00 o'clock the trolleybus
drives in the 10 minutes traffic, from 08:00 o'clock to 18:00
o'clock in the
12 minutes traffic. Outside of these times the traffic was raised
gradually up to 60 minutes.
In February 1998 the 3 trolleybuses of
the type IKARUS 280.93, the car NR. 21, 23 and 24, became deactivated.
They were sold to Chelyabinsk/Russia and transported there by
ship via Rostock-Kaliningrad.
On 20 February 1998 the first radio-controlled points was put into operation. It is in the quarter Nordend at the branch to the depot.
In the months February, March and April
1998 was extended perfectly and globally the trolleybus overhead
system on the depot
Nordend. The maintenance hall and the vehicle hall were equipped
among other things with the trolleybus overhead system.
The trolleyobus No. 30 of the type ÖAF
Gräf & Stift NGE 152 M18 of the Barnimer Busgesellschaft
ltd. Eberswalde is in the period of
31/08/1998 to 22/09/1998 to test purposes by Stadtwerke Solingen
GmbH in Solingen in use.
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