SAS/ACCESS Interface to SYSTEM 2000 Data Management Software: Reference

Calculating Statistics

You can also use statistical procedures with SYSTEM 2000 data. The following sections show simple examples using the FREQ and MEANS procedures.

Using the FREQ Procedure

Suppose you want to find what percentages of your employees have specific degrees. The following example calculates the percentage of employees for each degree appearing in the EMPLOYEE database using the view descriptor VLIB.EMPEDUC:

    proc freq data=vlib.empeduc;
       tables degree;
       title2 'Data Described by VLIB.EMPEDUC';
    run;

Frequency Table for Item DEGREE Described by View Descriptor VLIB.EMPEDUC shows the one-way frequency table this example generates.

Frequency Table for Item DEGREE Described by View Descriptor VLIB.EMPEDUC

Data Described by VLIB.EMPEDUC 1 DEGREE/CERTIFICATE Cumulative Cumulative DEGREE Frequency Percent Frequency Percent ----------------------------------------------------- AA 5 7.9 5 7.9 BA 12 19.0 17 27.0 BS 23 36.5 40 63.5 HIGH SC 6 9.5 46 73.0 MA 3 4.8 49 77.8 MBA 1 1.6 50 79.4 MS 9 14.3 59 93.7 PHD 4 6.3 63 100.0 Frequency Missing = 12

For more information on the FREQ procedure, see the SAS Procedures Guide.

Using the MEANS Procedure

In your further analysis of employee education, suppose you also want to develop some statistics on employees' skill types and their years of experience. The view descriptor VLIB.EMPSKIL accesses values from the EMPLOYEE database for skill type and years of experience.

The following example generates the mean and sum of the years of experience by skill type. Also included are the number of observations (N) and the number of missing values (NMISS).

    proc means data=vlib.empskil mean sum n nmiss
     maxdec=0;
       by skilltyp;
       var years;
       title2 'Data Described by VLIB.EMPSKIL';
    run;

Note that the BY statement causes the interface view engine to generate a SYSTEM 2000 ordering-clause so that the data is sorted by skill type. Statistics on Skill Type and Years of Experience shows some of the information produced by this example.

Statistics on Skill Type and Years of Experience

Data Described by VLIB.EMPSKIL 1 Analysis Variable : YEARS YEARS OF EXPERIENCE --------------------------- SKILL TYPE= ----------------------------------- N Nmiss Mean Sum -------------------------------------- 0 6 . . -------------------------------------- --------------------------- SKILL TYPE=ACCOUNTING -------------------------- N Nmiss Mean Sum -------------------------------------- 6 0 8 47 -------------------------------------- ---------------------------- SKILL TYPE=ASSEMBLER -------------------------- N Nmiss Mean Sum -------------------------------------- 14 0 10 141 -------------------------------------- --------------------------- SKILL TYPE=CARTOON ART ------------------------- N Nmiss Mean Sum -------------------------------------- 1 0 1 1 -------------------------------------- ----------------------------- SKILL TYPE=CHINESE --------------------------- N Nmiss Mean Sum -------------------------------------- 1 0 8 8 -------------------------------------- ------------------------------ SKILL TYPE=COBOL ---------------------------- N Nmiss Mean Sum -------------------------------------- 12 0 7 88 --------------------------------------

For more information on the MEANS procedure, see the SAS Procedures Guide.

Using the RANK Procedure

You can also use more advanced statistics procedures with SYSTEM 2000 data. The following example uses the RANK procedure with data described by the view descriptor VLIB.EMPBD to calculate the order of birthdays for a set of employees and to assign the variable name DATERNK to the new item created by the procedure. (The VLIB.EMPBD view descriptor includes a SYSTEM 2000 where-clause to select only the employees in the Marketing Department.)

   proc rank data=vlib.empbd out=mydata.rankexm;
      var birthday;
      ranks daternk;
   run; 
 
   proc print data=mydata.rankexm;
      title2 'Order of Marketing Employee Birthdays';
   run;

Ranking of Employee Birthdays shows a portion of the result of this example.

Ranking of Employee Birthdays

Order of Marketing Employee Birthdays 1 OBS LASTNAME FIRSTNME BIRTHDAY DATERNK 1 AMEER DAVID 10OCT51 14.0 2 BROOKS RUBEN R. 25FEB52 15.0 3 BROWN VIRGINA P. 24MAY46 9.0 4 CHAN TAI 04JUL46 10.0 5 GARRETT OLAN M. 23JAN35 2.0 6 GIBSON GEORGE J. 23APR46 8.0 7 GOODSON ALAN F. 21JUN50 13.0 8 JUAREZ ARMANDO 28MAY47 11.0 9 LITTLEJOHN FANNIE 17MAY54 17.0 10 RICHARDSON TRAVIS Z. 30NOV37 4.0 11 RODRIGUEZ ROMUALDO R 09FEB29 1.0 12 SCHOLL MADISON A. 19MAR45 7.0 13 SHROPSHIRE LELAND G. 04SEP49 12.0 14 SMITH JERRY LEE 13SEP42 5.5 15 VAN HOTTEN GWENDOLYN 13SEP42 5.5 16 WAGGONNER MERRILEE D 27APR36 3.0 17 WILLIAMSON JANICE L. 19MAY52 16.0

For more information on the RANK procedure and other advanced statistics procedures, see the SAS Procedures Guide.

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