Functions and CALL Routines by Category

Categories and Descriptions of Functions
Category Function Description

Array DIM Returns the number of elements in an array

HBOUND Returns the upper bound of an array

LBOUND Returns the lower bound of an array

Bitwise Logical Operations BAND Returns the bitwise logical AND of two arguments

BLSHIFT Returns the bitwise logical left shift of two arguments

BNOT Returns the bitwise logical NOT of an argument

BOR Returns the bitwise logical OR of two arguments

BRSHIFT Returns the bitwise logical right shift of two arguments

BXOR Returns the bitwise logical EXCLUSIVE OR of two arguments

Character String Matching CALL RXCHANGE Changes one or more substrings that match a pattern

CALL RXFREE Frees memory allocated by other regular expression (RX) functions and CALL routines

CALL RXSUBSTR Finds the position, length, and score of a substring that matches a pattern

RXMATCH Finds the beginning of a substring that matches a pattern and returns a value

RXPARSE Parses a pattern and returns a value

Character BYTE Returns one character in the ASCII or the EBCDIC collating sequence

COLLATE Returns an ASCII or EBCDIC collating sequence character string

COMPBL Removes multiple blanks from a character string

COMPRESS Removes specific characters from a character string

DEQUOTE Removes quotation marks from a character value

INDEX Searches a character expression for a string of characters

INDEXC Searches a character expression for specific characters

INDEXW Searches a character expression for a specified string as a word

LEFT Left aligns a SAS character expression

LENGTH Returns the length of an argument

LOWCASE Converts all letters in an argument to lowercase

MISSING Returns a numeric result that indicates whether the argument contains a missing value

QUOTE Adds double quotation marks to a character value

RANK Returns the position of a character in the ASCII or EBCDIC collating sequence

REPEAT Repeats a character expression

REVERSE Reverses a character expression

RIGHT Right aligns a character expression

SCAN Selects a given word from a character expression

SOUNDEX Encodes a string to facilitate searching

SPEDIS Determines the likelihood of two words matching, expressed as the asymmetric spelling distance between the two words

SUBSTR (left of =) Replaces character value contents

SUBSTR (right of =) Extracts a substring from an argument

TRANSLATE Replaces specific characters in a character expression

TRANWRD Replaces or removes all occurrences of a word in a character string

TRIM Removes trailing blanks from character expressions and returns one blank if the expression is missing

TRIMN Removes trailing blanks from character expressions and returns a null string (zero blanks) if the expression is missing

UPCASE Converts all letters in an argument to uppercase

VERIFY Returns the position of the first character that is unique to an expression

DBCS KCOMPARE Returns the result of a comparison of character strings

KCOMPRESS Removes specific characters from a character string

KCOUNT Returns the number of double-byte characters in a string

KINDEX Searches a character expression for a string of characters

KINDEXC Searches a character expression for specific characters

KLEFT Left aligns a SAS character expression by removing unnecessary leading DBCS blanks and SO/SI

KLENGTH Returns the length of an argument

KLOWCASE Converts all letters in an argument to lowercase

KREVERSE Reverses a character expression

KRIGHT Right aligns a character expression by trimming trailing DBCS blanks and SO/SI

KSCAN Selects a given word from a character expression

KSTRCAT Concatenates two or more character strings

KSUBSTR Extracts a substring from an argument

KSUBSTRB Extracts a substring from an argument based on byte position

KTRANSLATE Replaces specific characters in a character expression

KTRIM Removes trailing DBCS blanks and SO/SI from character expressions

KTRUNCATE Truncates a numeric value to a specified length

KUPCASE Converts all single-byte letters in an argument to uppercase

KUPDATE Inserts, deletes, and replaces character value contents

KUPDATEB Inserts, deletes, and replaces character value contents based on byte unit

KVERIFY Returns the position of the first character that is unique to an expression

Date and Time DATDIF Returns the number of days between two dates

DATE Returns the current date as a SAS date value

DATEJUL Converts a Julian date to a SAS date value

DATEPART Extracts the date from a SAS datetime value

DATETIME Returns the current date and time of day as a SAS datetime value

DAY Returns the day of the month from a SAS date value

DHMS Returns a SAS datetime value from date, hour, minute, and second

HMS Returns a SAS time value from hour, minute, and second values

HOUR Returns the hour from a SAS time or datetime value

INTCK Returns the integer number of time intervals in a given time span

INTNX Advances a date, time, or datetime value by a given interval, and returns a date, time, or datetime value

JULDATE Returns the Julian date from a SAS date value

JULDATE7 Returns a seven-digit Julian date from a SAS date value

MDY Returns a SAS date value from month, day, and year values

MINUTE Returns the minute from a SAS time or datetime value

MONTH Returns the month from a SAS date value

QTR Returns the quarter of the year from a SAS date value

SECOND Returns the second from a SAS time or datetime value

TIME Returns the current time of day

TIMEPART Extracts a time value from a SAS datetime value

TODAY Returns the current date as a SAS date value

WEEKDAY Returns the day of the week from a SAS date value

YEAR Returns the year from a SAS date value

YRDIF Returns the difference in years between two dates

YYQ Returns a SAS date value from the year and quarter

Descriptive Statistics CSS Returns the corrected sum of squares

CV Returns the coefficient of variation

KURTOSIS Returns the kurtosis

MAX Returns the largest value

MEAN Returns the arithmetic mean (average)

MIN Returns the smallest value

MISSING Returns a numeric result that indicates whether the argument contains a missing value

N Returns the number of nonmissing values

NMISS Returns the number of missing values

ORDINAL Returns any specified order statistic

RANGE Returns the range of values

SKEWNESS Returns the skewness

STD Returns the standard deviation

STDERR Returns the standard error of the mean

SUM Returns the sum of the nonmissing arguments

USS Returns the uncorrected sum of squares

VAR Returns the variance

External Files DCLOSE Closes a directory that was opened by the DOPEN function and returns a value

DINFO Returns information about a directory

DNUM Returns the number of members in a directory

DOPEN Opens a directory and returns a directory identifier value

DOPTNAME Returns directory attribute information

DOPTNUM Returns the number of information items that are available for a directory

DREAD Returns the name of a directory member

DROPNOTE Deletes a note marker from a SAS data set or an external file and returns a value

FAPPEND Appends the current record to the end of an external file and returns a value

FCLOSE Closes an external file, directory, or directory member, and returns a value

FCOL Returns the current column position in the File Data Buffer (FDB)

FDELETE Deletes an external file or an empty directory

FEXIST Verifies the existence of an external file associated with a fileref and returns a value

FGET Copies data from the File Data Buffer (FDB) into a variable and returns a value

FILEEXIST Verifies the existence of an external file by its physical name and returns a value

FILENAME Assigns or deassigns a fileref for an external file, directory, or output device and returns a value

FILEREF Verifies that a fileref has been assigned for the current SAS session and returns a value

FINFO Returns the value of a file information item

FNOTE Identifies the last record that was read and returns a value that FPOINT can use

FOPEN Opens an external file and returns a file identifier value

FOPTNAME Returns the name of an item of information about a file

FOPTNUM Returns the number of information items that are available for an external file

FPOINT Positions the read pointer on the next record to be read and returns a value

FPOS Sets the position of the column pointer in the File Data Buffer (FDB) and returns a value

FPUT Moves data to the File Data Buffer (FDB) of an external file, starting at the FDB's current column position, and returns a value

FREAD Reads a record from an external file into the File Data Buffer (FDB) and returns a value

FREWIND Positions the file pointer to the start of the file and returns a value

FRLEN Returns the size of the last record read, or, if the file is opened for output, returns the current record size

FSEP Sets the token delimiters for the FGET function and returns a value

FWRITE Writes a record to an external file and returns a value

MOPEN Opens a file by directory id and member name, and returns the file identifier or a 0

PATHNAME Returns the physical name of a SAS data library or of an external file, or returns a blank

SYSMSG Returns the text of error messages or warning messages from the last data set or external file function execution

SYSRC Returns a system error number

External Routines CALL MODULE Calls the external routine without any return code

CALL MODULEI Calls the external routine without any return code (in IML environment only)

MODULEC Calls an external routine and returns a character value

MODULEIC Calls an external routine and returns a character value (in IML environment only)

MODULEIN Calls an external routine and returns a numeric value (in IML environment only)

MODULEN Calls an external routine and returns a numeric value

Financial COMPOUND Returns compound interest parameters

CONVX Returns the convexity for an enumerated cashflow

CONVXP Returns the convexity for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond

DACCDB Returns the accumulated declining balance depreciation

DACCDBSL Returns the accumulated declining balance with conversion to a straight-line depreciation

DACCSL Returns the accumulated straight-line depreciation

DACCSYD Returns the accumulated sum-of-years-digits depreciation

DACCTAB Returns the accumulated depreciation from specified tables

DEPDB Returns the declining balance depreciation

DEPDBSL Returns the declining balance with conversion to a straight-line depreciation

DEPSL Returns the straight-line depreciation

DEPSYD Returns the sum-of-years-digits depreciation

DEPTAB Returns the depreciation from specified tables

DUR Returns the modified duration for an enumerated cashflow

DURP Returns the modified duration for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond

INTRR Returns the internal rate of return as a fraction

IRR Returns the internal rate of return as a percentage

MORT Returns amortization parameters

NETPV Returns the net present value as a fraction

NPV Returns the net present value with the rate expressed as a percentage

PVP Returns the present value for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond

SAVING Returns the future value of a periodic saving

YIELDP Returns the yield-to-maturity for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond

Hyperbolic COSH Returns the hyperbolic cosine

SINH Returns the hyperbolic sine

TANH Returns the hyperbolic tangent

Macro CALL EXECUTE Resolves an argument and issues the resolved value for execution

CALL SYMPUT Assigns DATA step information to a macro variable

RESOLVE Returns the resolved value of an argument after it has been processed by the macro facility

SYMGET Returns the value of a macro variable during DATA step execution

Mathematical ABS Returns the absolute value

AIRY Returns the value of the airy function

CNONCT Returns the noncentrality parameter from a chi-squared distribution

COMB Computes the number of combinations of n elements taken r at a time and returns a value

CONSTANT Computes some machine and mathematical constants and returns a value

DAIRY Returns the derivative of the airy function

DEVIANCE Computes the deviance and returns a value

DIGAMMA Returns the value of the DIGAMMA function

ERF Returns the value of the (normal) error function

ERFC Returns the value of the complementary (normal) error function

EXP Returns the value of the exponential function

FACT Computes a factorial and returns a value

FNONCT Returns the value of the noncentrality parameter of an F distribution

GAMMA Returns the value of the Gamma function

IBESSEL Returns the value of the modified bessel function

JBESSEL Returns the value of the bessel function

LGAMMA Returns the natural logarithm of the Gamma function

LOG Returns the natural (base e) logarithm

LOG10 Returns the logarithm to the base 10

LOG2 Returns the logarithm to the base 2

MOD Returns the remainder value

PERM Computes the number of permutations of n items taken r at a time and returns a value

SIGN Returns the sign of a value

SQRT Returns the square root of a value

TNONCT Returns the value of the noncentrality parameter from the student's t distribution

TRIGAMMA Returns the value of the TRIGAMMA function

Probability CDF Computes cumulative distribution functions

LOGPDF Computes the logarithm of a probability (mass) function

LOGSDF Computes the logarithm of a survival function

PDF Computes probability density (mass) functions

POISSON Returns the probability from a Poisson distribution

PROBBETA Returns the probability from a beta distribution

PROBBNML Returns the probability from a binomial distribution

PROBBNRM Computes a probability from the bivariate normal distribution and returns a value

PROBCHI Returns the probability from a chi-squared distribution

PROBF Returns the probability from an F distribution

PROBGAM Returns the probability from a gamma distribution

PROBHYPR Returns the probability from a hypergeometric distribution

PROBMC Computes a probability or a quantile from various distributions for multiple comparisons of means, and returns a value

PROBNEGB Returns the probability from a negative binomial distribution

PROBNORM Returns the probability from the standard normal distribution

PROBT Returns the probability from a t distribution

SDF Computes a survival function

Quantile BETAINV Returns a quantile from the beta distribution

CINV Returns a quantile from the chi-squared distribution

FINV Returns a quantile from the F distribution

GAMINV Returns a quantile from the gamma distribution

PROBIT Returns a quantile from the standard normal distribution

TINV Returns a quantile from the t distribution

Random Number CALL RANBIN Returns a random variate from a binomial distribution

CALL RANCAU Returns a random variate from a Cauchy distribution

CALL RANEXP Returns a random variate from an exponential distribution

CALL RANGAM Returns a random variate from a gamma distribution

CALL RANNOR Returns a random variate from a normal distribution

CALL RANPOI Returns a random variate from a Poisson distribution

CALL RANTBL Returns a random variate from a tabled probability distribution

CALL RANTRI Returns a random variate from a triangular distribution

CALL RANUNI Returns a random variate from a uniform distribution

NORMAL Returns a random variate from a normal distribution

RANBIN Returns a random variate from a binomial distribution

RANCAU Returns a random variate from a Cauchy distribution

RANEXP Returns a random variate from an exponential distribution

RANGAM Returns a random variate from a gamma distribution

RANNOR Returns a random variate from a normal distribution

RANPOI Returns a random variate from a Poisson distribution

RANTBL Returns a random variate from a tabled probability

RANTRI Random variate from a triangular distribution

RANUNI Returns a random variate from a uniform distribution

UNIFORM Random variate from a uniform distribution

SAS File I/O ATTRC Returns the value of a character attribute for a SAS data set

ATTRN Returns the value of a numeric attribute for the specified SAS data set

CEXIST Verifies the existence of a SAS catalog or SAS catalog entry and returns a value

CLOSE Closes a SAS data set and returns a value

CUROBS Returns the observation number of the current observation

DROPNOTE Deletes a note marker from a SAS data set or an external file and returns a value

DSNAME Returns the SAS data set name that is associated with a data set identifier

EXIST Verifies the existence of a SAS data library member

FETCH Reads the next nondeleted observation from a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV) and returns a value

FETCHOBS Reads a specified observation from a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV) and returns a value

GETVARC Returns the value of a SAS data set character variable

GETVARN Returns the value of a SAS data set numeric variable

IORCMSG Returns a formatted error message for _IORC_

LIBNAME Assigns or deassigns a libref for a SAS data library and returns a value

LIBREF Verifies that a libref has been assigned and returns a value

NOTE Returns an observation ID for the current observation of a SAS data set

OPEN Opens a SAS data set and returns a value

PATHNAME Returns the physical name of a SAS data library or of an external file, or returns a blank

POINT Locates an observation identified by the NOTE function and returns a value

REWIND Positions the data set pointer at the beginning of a SAS data set and returns a value

SYSMSG Returns the text of error messages or warning messages from the last data set or external file function execution

SYSRC Returns a system error number

VARFMT Returns the format assigned to a SAS data set variable

VARINFMT Returns the informat assigned to a SAS data set variable

VARLABEL Returns the label assigned to a SAS data set variable

VARLEN Returns the length of a SAS data set variable

VARNAME Returns the name of a SAS data set variable

VARNUM Returns the number of a variable's position in a SAS data set

VARTYPE Returns the data type of a SAS data set variable

Special ADDR Returns the memory address of a variable

CALL POKE Writes a value directly into memory

CALL SYSTEM Submits an operating environment command for execution

DIF Returns differences between the argument and its nth lag

GETOPTION Returns the value of a SAS system or graphics option

INPUT Returns the value produced when a SAS expression that uses a specified informat expression is read

INPUTC Enables you to specify a character informat at run time

INPUTN Enables you to specify a numeric informat at run time

LAG Returns values from a queue

PEEK Stores the contents of a memory address into a numeric variable

PEEKC Stores the contents of a memory address into a character variable

POKE Writes a value directly into memory

PUT Returns a value using a specified format

PUTC Enables you to specify a character format at run time

PUTN Enables you to specify a numeric format at run time

SYSGET Returns the value of the specified operating environment variable

SYSPARM Returns the system parameter string

SYSPROD Determines if a product is licensed

SYSTEM Issues an operating environment command during a SAS session

State and ZIP Code FIPNAME Converts FIPS codes to uppercase state names

FIPNAMEL Converts FIPS codes to mixed case state names

FIPSTATE Converts FIPS codes to two-character postal codes

STFIPS Converts state postal codes to FIPS state codes

STNAME Converts state postal codes to uppercase state names

STNAMEL Converts state postal codes to mixed case state names

ZIPFIPS Converts ZIP codes to FIPS state codes

ZIPNAME Converts ZIP codes to uppercase state names

ZIPNAMEL Converts ZIP codes to mixed case state names

ZIPSTATE Converts ZIP codes to state postal codes

Trigonometric ARCOS Returns the arccosine

ARSIN Returns the arcsine

ATAN Returns the arctangent

COS Returns the cosine

SIN Returns the sine

TAN Returns the tangent

Truncation CEIL Returns the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the argument

FLOOR Returns the largest integer that is less than or equal to the argument

FUZZ Returns the nearest integer if the argument is within 1E-12

INT Returns the integer value

ROUND Rounds to the nearest round-off unit

TRUNC Truncates a numeric value to a specified length

Variable Control CALL LABEL Assigns a variable label to a specified character variable

CALL SET Links SAS data set variables to DATA step or macro variables that have the same name and data type

CALL VNAME Assigns a variable name as the value of a specified variable

Variable Information VARRAY Returns a value that indicates whether the specified name is an array

VARRAYX Returns a value that indicates whether the value of the specified argument is an array

VFORMAT Returns the format that is associated with the specified variable

VFORMATD Returns the format decimal value that is associated with the specified variable

VFORMATDX Returns the format decimal value that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VFORMATN Returns the format name that is associated with the specified variable

VFORMATNX Returns the format name that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VFORMATW Returns the format width that is associated with the specified variable

VFORMATWX Returns the format width that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VFORMATX Returns the format that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VINARRAY Returns a value that indicates whether the specified variable is a member of an array

VINARRAYX Returns a value that indicates whether the value of the specified argument is a member of an array

VINFORMAT Returns the informat that is associated with the specified variable

VINFORMATD Returns the informat decimal value that is associated with the specified variable

VINFORMATDX Returns the informat decimal value that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VINFORMATN Returns the informat name that is associated with the specified variable

VINFORMATNX Returns the informat name that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VINFORMATW Returns the informat width that is associated with the specified variable

VINFORMATWX Returns the informat width that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VINFORMATX Returns the informat that is associated with the value of the specified argument

VLABEL Returns the label that is associated with the specified variable

VLABELX Returns the variable label for the value of a specified argument

VLENGTH Returns the compile-time (allocated) size of the specified variable

VLENGTHX Returns the compile-time (allocated) size for the value of the specified argument

VNAME Returns the name of the specified variable

VNAMEX Validates the value of the specified argument as a variable name

VTYPE Returns the type (character or numeric) of the specified variable

VTYPEX Returns the type (character or numeric) for the value of the specified argument

Web Tools HTMLDECODE Decodes a string containing HTML numeric character references or HTML character entity references and returns the decoded string

HTMLENCODE Encodes characters using HTML character entity references and returns the encoded string

URLDECODE Returns a string that was decoded using the URL escape syntax

URLENCODE Returns a string that was encoded using the URL escape syntax

***Categories and Descriptions of Functions***
Category	Function	Description
Array	DIM	Returns the number of elements in an array
	HBOUND	Returns the upper bound of an array
	LBOUND	Returns the lower bound of an array
Bitwise Logical Operations	BAND	Returns the bitwise logical AND of two arguments
	BLSHIFT	Returns the bitwise logical left shift of two arguments
	BNOT	Returns the bitwise logical NOT of an argument
	BOR	Returns the bitwise logical OR of two arguments
	BRSHIFT	Returns the bitwise logical right shift of two arguments
	BXOR	Returns the bitwise logical EXCLUSIVE OR of two arguments
Character String Matching	CALL RXCHANGE	Changes one or more substrings that match a pattern
	CALL RXFREE	Frees memory allocated by other regular expression (RX) functions and CALL routines
	CALL RXSUBSTR	Finds the position, length, and score of a substring that matches a pattern
	RXMATCH	Finds the beginning of a substring that matches a pattern and returns a value
	RXPARSE	Parses a pattern and returns a value
Character	BYTE	Returns one character in the ASCII or the EBCDIC collating sequence
	COLLATE	Returns an ASCII or EBCDIC collating sequence character string
	COMPBL	Removes multiple blanks from a character string
	COMPRESS	Removes specific characters from a character string
	DEQUOTE	Removes quotation marks from a character value
	INDEX	Searches a character expression for a string of characters
	INDEXC	Searches a character expression for specific characters
	INDEXW	Searches a character expression for a specified string as a word
	LEFT	Left aligns a SAS character expression
	LENGTH	Returns the length of an argument
	LOWCASE	Converts all letters in an argument to lowercase
	MISSING	Returns a numeric result that indicates whether the argument contains a missing value
	QUOTE	Adds double quotation marks to a character value
	RANK	Returns the position of a character in the ASCII or EBCDIC collating sequence
	REPEAT	Repeats a character expression
	REVERSE	Reverses a character expression
	RIGHT	Right aligns a character expression
	SCAN	Selects a given word from a character expression
	SOUNDEX	Encodes a string to facilitate searching
	SPEDIS	Determines the likelihood of two words matching, expressed as the asymmetric spelling distance between the two words
	SUBSTR (left of =)	Replaces character value contents
	SUBSTR (right of =)	Extracts a substring from an argument
	TRANSLATE	Replaces specific characters in a character expression
	TRANWRD	Replaces or removes all occurrences of a word in a character string
	TRIM	Removes trailing blanks from character expressions and returns one blank if the expression is missing
	TRIMN	Removes trailing blanks from character expressions and returns a null string (zero blanks) if the expression is missing
	UPCASE	Converts all letters in an argument to uppercase
	VERIFY	Returns the position of the first character that is unique to an expression
DBCS	KCOMPARE	Returns the result of a comparison of character strings
	KCOMPRESS	Removes specific characters from a character string
	KCOUNT	Returns the number of double-byte characters in a string
	KINDEX	Searches a character expression for a string of characters
	KINDEXC	Searches a character expression for specific characters
	KLEFT	Left aligns a SAS character expression by removing unnecessary leading DBCS blanks and SO/SI
	KLENGTH	Returns the length of an argument
	KLOWCASE	Converts all letters in an argument to lowercase
	KREVERSE	Reverses a character expression
	KRIGHT	Right aligns a character expression by trimming trailing DBCS blanks and SO/SI
	KSCAN	Selects a given word from a character expression
	KSTRCAT	Concatenates two or more character strings
	KSUBSTR	Extracts a substring from an argument
	KSUBSTRB	Extracts a substring from an argument based on byte position
	KTRANSLATE	Replaces specific characters in a character expression
	KTRIM	Removes trailing DBCS blanks and SO/SI from character expressions
	KTRUNCATE	Truncates a numeric value to a specified length
	KUPCASE	Converts all single-byte letters in an argument to uppercase
	KUPDATE	Inserts, deletes, and replaces character value contents
	KUPDATEB	Inserts, deletes, and replaces character value contents based on byte unit
	KVERIFY	Returns the position of the first character that is unique to an expression
Date and Time	DATDIF	Returns the number of days between two dates
	DATE	Returns the current date as a SAS date value
	DATEJUL	Converts a Julian date to a SAS date value
	DATEPART	Extracts the date from a SAS datetime value
	DATETIME	Returns the current date and time of day as a SAS datetime value
	DAY	Returns the day of the month from a SAS date value
	DHMS	Returns a SAS datetime value from date, hour, minute, and second
	HMS	Returns a SAS time value from hour, minute, and second values
	HOUR	Returns the hour from a SAS time or datetime value
	INTCK	Returns the integer number of time intervals in a given time span
	INTNX	Advances a date, time, or datetime value by a given interval, and returns a date, time, or datetime value
	JULDATE	Returns the Julian date from a SAS date value
	JULDATE7	Returns a seven-digit Julian date from a SAS date value
	MDY	Returns a SAS date value from month, day, and year values
	MINUTE	Returns the minute from a SAS time or datetime value
	MONTH	Returns the month from a SAS date value
	QTR	Returns the quarter of the year from a SAS date value
	SECOND	Returns the second from a SAS time or datetime value
	TIME	Returns the current time of day
	TIMEPART	Extracts a time value from a SAS datetime value
	TODAY	Returns the current date as a SAS date value
	WEEKDAY	Returns the day of the week from a SAS date value
	YEAR	Returns the year from a SAS date value
	YRDIF	Returns the difference in years between two dates
	YYQ	Returns a SAS date value from the year and quarter
Descriptive Statistics	CSS	Returns the corrected sum of squares
	CV	Returns the coefficient of variation
	KURTOSIS	Returns the kurtosis
	MAX	Returns the largest value
	MEAN	Returns the arithmetic mean (average)
	MIN	Returns the smallest value
	MISSING	Returns a numeric result that indicates whether the argument contains a missing value
	N	Returns the number of nonmissing values
	NMISS	Returns the number of missing values
	ORDINAL	Returns any specified order statistic
	RANGE	Returns the range of values
	SKEWNESS	Returns the skewness
	STD	Returns the standard deviation
	STDERR	Returns the standard error of the mean
	SUM	Returns the sum of the nonmissing arguments
	USS	Returns the uncorrected sum of squares
	VAR	Returns the variance
External Files	DCLOSE	Closes a directory that was opened by the DOPEN function and returns a value
	DINFO	Returns information about a directory
	DNUM	Returns the number of members in a directory
	DOPEN	Opens a directory and returns a directory identifier value
	DOPTNAME	Returns directory attribute information
	DOPTNUM	Returns the number of information items that are available for a directory
	DREAD	Returns the name of a directory member
	DROPNOTE	Deletes a note marker from a SAS data set or an external file and returns a value
	FAPPEND	Appends the current record to the end of an external file and returns a value
	FCLOSE	Closes an external file, directory, or directory member, and returns a value
	FCOL	Returns the current column position in the File Data Buffer (FDB)
	FDELETE	Deletes an external file or an empty directory
	FEXIST	Verifies the existence of an external file associated with a fileref and returns a value
	FGET	Copies data from the File Data Buffer (FDB) into a variable and returns a value
	FILEEXIST	Verifies the existence of an external file by its physical name and returns a value
	FILENAME	Assigns or deassigns a fileref for an external file, directory, or output device and returns a value
	FILEREF	Verifies that a fileref has been assigned for the current SAS session and returns a value
	FINFO	Returns the value of a file information item
	FNOTE	Identifies the last record that was read and returns a value that FPOINT can use
	FOPEN	Opens an external file and returns a file identifier value
	FOPTNAME	Returns the name of an item of information about a file
	FOPTNUM	Returns the number of information items that are available for an external file
	FPOINT	Positions the read pointer on the next record to be read and returns a value
	FPOS	Sets the position of the column pointer in the File Data Buffer (FDB) and returns a value
	FPUT	Moves data to the File Data Buffer (FDB) of an external file, starting at the FDB's current column position, and returns a value
	FREAD	Reads a record from an external file into the File Data Buffer (FDB) and returns a value
	FREWIND	Positions the file pointer to the start of the file and returns a value
	FRLEN	Returns the size of the last record read, or, if the file is opened for output, returns the current record size
	FSEP	Sets the token delimiters for the FGET function and returns a value
	FWRITE	Writes a record to an external file and returns a value
	MOPEN	Opens a file by directory id and member name, and returns the file identifier or a 0
	PATHNAME	Returns the physical name of a SAS data library or of an external file, or returns a blank
	SYSMSG	Returns the text of error messages or warning messages from the last data set or external file function execution
	SYSRC	Returns a system error number
External Routines	CALL MODULE	Calls the external routine without any return code
	CALL MODULEI	Calls the external routine without any return code (in IML environment only)
	MODULEC	Calls an external routine and returns a character value
	MODULEIC	Calls an external routine and returns a character value (in IML environment only)
	MODULEIN	Calls an external routine and returns a numeric value (in IML environment only)
	MODULEN	Calls an external routine and returns a numeric value
Financial	COMPOUND	Returns compound interest parameters
	CONVX	Returns the convexity for an enumerated cashflow
	CONVXP	Returns the convexity for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond
	DACCDB	Returns the accumulated declining balance depreciation
	DACCDBSL	Returns the accumulated declining balance with conversion to a straight-line depreciation
	DACCSL	Returns the accumulated straight-line depreciation
	DACCSYD	Returns the accumulated sum-of-years-digits depreciation
	DACCTAB	Returns the accumulated depreciation from specified tables
	DEPDB	Returns the declining balance depreciation
	DEPDBSL	Returns the declining balance with conversion to a straight-line depreciation
	DEPSL	Returns the straight-line depreciation
	DEPSYD	Returns the sum-of-years-digits depreciation
	DEPTAB	Returns the depreciation from specified tables
	DUR	Returns the modified duration for an enumerated cashflow
	DURP	Returns the modified duration for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond
	INTRR	Returns the internal rate of return as a fraction
	IRR	Returns the internal rate of return as a percentage
	MORT	Returns amortization parameters
	NETPV	Returns the net present value as a fraction
	NPV	Returns the net present value with the rate expressed as a percentage
	PVP	Returns the present value for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond
	SAVING	Returns the future value of a periodic saving
	YIELDP	Returns the yield-to-maturity for a periodic cashflow stream, such as a bond
Hyperbolic	COSH	Returns the hyperbolic cosine
	SINH	Returns the hyperbolic sine
	TANH	Returns the hyperbolic tangent
Macro	CALL EXECUTE	Resolves an argument and issues the resolved value for execution
	CALL SYMPUT	Assigns DATA step information to a macro variable
	RESOLVE	Returns the resolved value of an argument after it has been processed by the macro facility
	SYMGET	Returns the value of a macro variable during DATA step execution
Mathematical	ABS	Returns the absolute value
	AIRY	Returns the value of the airy function
	CNONCT	Returns the noncentrality parameter from a chi-squared distribution
	COMB	Computes the number of combinations of n elements taken r at a time and returns a value
	CONSTANT	Computes some machine and mathematical constants and returns a value
	DAIRY	Returns the derivative of the airy function
	DEVIANCE	Computes the deviance and returns a value
	DIGAMMA	Returns the value of the DIGAMMA function
	ERF	Returns the value of the (normal) error function
	ERFC	Returns the value of the complementary (normal) error function
	EXP	Returns the value of the exponential function
	FACT	Computes a factorial and returns a value
	FNONCT	Returns the value of the noncentrality parameter of an F distribution
	GAMMA	Returns the value of the Gamma function
	IBESSEL	Returns the value of the modified bessel function
	JBESSEL	Returns the value of the bessel function
	LGAMMA	Returns the natural logarithm of the Gamma function
	LOG	Returns the natural (base e) logarithm
	LOG10	Returns the logarithm to the base 10
	LOG2	Returns the logarithm to the base 2
	MOD	Returns the remainder value
	PERM	Computes the number of permutations of n items taken r at a time and returns a value
	SIGN	Returns the sign of a value
	SQRT	Returns the square root of a value
	TNONCT	Returns the value of the noncentrality parameter from the student's t distribution
	TRIGAMMA	Returns the value of the TRIGAMMA function
Probability	CDF	Computes cumulative distribution functions
	LOGPDF	Computes the logarithm of a probability (mass) function
	LOGSDF	Computes the logarithm of a survival function
	PDF	Computes probability density (mass) functions
	POISSON	Returns the probability from a Poisson distribution
	PROBBETA	Returns the probability from a beta distribution
	PROBBNML	Returns the probability from a binomial distribution
	PROBBNRM	Computes a probability from the bivariate normal distribution and returns a value
	PROBCHI	Returns the probability from a chi-squared distribution
	PROBF	Returns the probability from an F distribution
	PROBGAM	Returns the probability from a gamma distribution
	PROBHYPR	Returns the probability from a hypergeometric distribution
	PROBMC	Computes a probability or a quantile from various distributions for multiple comparisons of means, and returns a value
	PROBNEGB	Returns the probability from a negative binomial distribution
	PROBNORM	Returns the probability from the standard normal distribution
	PROBT	Returns the probability from a t distribution
	SDF	Computes a survival function
Quantile	BETAINV	Returns a quantile from the beta distribution
	CINV	Returns a quantile from the chi-squared distribution
	FINV	Returns a quantile from the F distribution
	GAMINV	Returns a quantile from the gamma distribution
	PROBIT	Returns a quantile from the standard normal distribution
	TINV	Returns a quantile from the t distribution
Random Number	CALL RANBIN	Returns a random variate from a binomial distribution
	CALL RANCAU	Returns a random variate from a Cauchy distribution
	CALL RANEXP	Returns a random variate from an exponential distribution
	CALL RANGAM	Returns a random variate from a gamma distribution
	CALL RANNOR	Returns a random variate from a normal distribution
	CALL RANPOI	Returns a random variate from a Poisson distribution
	CALL RANTBL	Returns a random variate from a tabled probability distribution
	CALL RANTRI	Returns a random variate from a triangular distribution
	CALL RANUNI	Returns a random variate from a uniform distribution
	NORMAL	Returns a random variate from a normal distribution
	RANBIN	Returns a random variate from a binomial distribution
	RANCAU	Returns a random variate from a Cauchy distribution
	RANEXP	Returns a random variate from an exponential distribution
	RANGAM	Returns a random variate from a gamma distribution
	RANNOR	Returns a random variate from a normal distribution
	RANPOI	Returns a random variate from a Poisson distribution
	RANTBL	Returns a random variate from a tabled probability
	RANTRI	Random variate from a triangular distribution
	RANUNI	Returns a random variate from a uniform distribution
	UNIFORM	Random variate from a uniform distribution
SAS File I/O	ATTRC	Returns the value of a character attribute for a SAS data set
	ATTRN	Returns the value of a numeric attribute for the specified SAS data set
	CEXIST	Verifies the existence of a SAS catalog or SAS catalog entry and returns a value
	CLOSE	Closes a SAS data set and returns a value
	CUROBS	Returns the observation number of the current observation
	DROPNOTE	Deletes a note marker from a SAS data set or an external file and returns a value
	DSNAME	Returns the SAS data set name that is associated with a data set identifier
	EXIST	Verifies the existence of a SAS data library member
	FETCH	Reads the next nondeleted observation from a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV) and returns a value
	FETCHOBS	Reads a specified observation from a SAS data set into the Data Set Data Vector (DDV) and returns a value
	GETVARC	Returns the value of a SAS data set character variable
	GETVARN	Returns the value of a SAS data set numeric variable
	IORCMSG	Returns a formatted error message for _IORC_
	LIBNAME	Assigns or deassigns a libref for a SAS data library and returns a value
	LIBREF	Verifies that a libref has been assigned and returns a value
	NOTE	Returns an observation ID for the current observation of a SAS data set
	OPEN	Opens a SAS data set and returns a value
	PATHNAME	Returns the physical name of a SAS data library or of an external file, or returns a blank
	POINT	Locates an observation identified by the NOTE function and returns a value
	REWIND	Positions the data set pointer at the beginning of a SAS data set and returns a value
	SYSMSG	Returns the text of error messages or warning messages from the last data set or external file function execution
	SYSRC	Returns a system error number
	VARFMT	Returns the format assigned to a SAS data set variable
	VARINFMT	Returns the informat assigned to a SAS data set variable
	VARLABEL	Returns the label assigned to a SAS data set variable
	VARLEN	Returns the length of a SAS data set variable
	VARNAME	Returns the name of a SAS data set variable
	VARNUM	Returns the number of a variable's position in a SAS data set
	VARTYPE	Returns the data type of a SAS data set variable
Special	ADDR	Returns the memory address of a variable
	CALL POKE	Writes a value directly into memory
	CALL SYSTEM	Submits an operating environment command for execution
	DIF	Returns differences between the argument and its nth lag
	GETOPTION	Returns the value of a SAS system or graphics option
	INPUT	Returns the value produced when a SAS expression that uses a specified informat expression is read
	INPUTC	Enables you to specify a character informat at run time
	INPUTN	Enables you to specify a numeric informat at run time
	LAG	Returns values from a queue
	PEEK	Stores the contents of a memory address into a numeric variable
	PEEKC	Stores the contents of a memory address into a character variable
	POKE	Writes a value directly into memory
	PUT	Returns a value using a specified format
	PUTC	Enables you to specify a character format at run time
	PUTN	Enables you to specify a numeric format at run time
	SYSGET	Returns the value of the specified operating environment variable
	SYSPARM	Returns the system parameter string
	SYSPROD	Determines if a product is licensed
	SYSTEM	Issues an operating environment command during a SAS session
State and ZIP Code	FIPNAME	Converts FIPS codes to uppercase state names
	FIPNAMEL	Converts FIPS codes to mixed case state names
	FIPSTATE	Converts FIPS codes to two-character postal codes
	STFIPS	Converts state postal codes to FIPS state codes
	STNAME	Converts state postal codes to uppercase state names
	STNAMEL	Converts state postal codes to mixed case state names
	ZIPFIPS	Converts ZIP codes to FIPS state codes
	ZIPNAME	Converts ZIP codes to uppercase state names
	ZIPNAMEL	Converts ZIP codes to mixed case state names
	ZIPSTATE	Converts ZIP codes to state postal codes
Trigonometric	ARCOS	Returns the arccosine
	ARSIN	Returns the arcsine
	ATAN	Returns the arctangent
	COS	Returns the cosine
	SIN	Returns the sine
	TAN	Returns the tangent
Truncation	CEIL	Returns the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the argument
	FLOOR	Returns the largest integer that is less than or equal to the argument
	FUZZ	Returns the nearest integer if the argument is within 1E-12
	INT	Returns the integer value
	ROUND	Rounds to the nearest round-off unit
	TRUNC	Truncates a numeric value to a specified length
Variable Control	CALL LABEL	Assigns a variable label to a specified character variable
	CALL SET	Links SAS data set variables to DATA step or macro variables that have the same name and data type
	CALL VNAME	Assigns a variable name as the value of a specified variable
Variable Information	VARRAY	Returns a value that indicates whether the specified name is an array
	VARRAYX	Returns a value that indicates whether the value of the specified argument is an array
	VFORMAT	Returns the format that is associated with the specified variable
	VFORMATD	Returns the format decimal value that is associated with the specified variable
	VFORMATDX	Returns the format decimal value that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VFORMATN	Returns the format name that is associated with the specified variable
	VFORMATNX	Returns the format name that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VFORMATW	Returns the format width that is associated with the specified variable
	VFORMATWX	Returns the format width that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VFORMATX	Returns the format that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VINARRAY	Returns a value that indicates whether the specified variable is a member of an array
	VINARRAYX	Returns a value that indicates whether the value of the specified argument is a member of an array
	VINFORMAT	Returns the informat that is associated with the specified variable
	VINFORMATD	Returns the informat decimal value that is associated with the specified variable
	VINFORMATDX	Returns the informat decimal value that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VINFORMATN	Returns the informat name that is associated with the specified variable
	VINFORMATNX	Returns the informat name that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VINFORMATW	Returns the informat width that is associated with the specified variable
	VINFORMATWX	Returns the informat width that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VINFORMATX	Returns the informat that is associated with the value of the specified argument
	VLABEL	Returns the label that is associated with the specified variable
	VLABELX	Returns the variable label for the value of a specified argument
	VLENGTH	Returns the compile-time (allocated) size of the specified variable
	VLENGTHX	Returns the compile-time (allocated) size for the value of the specified argument
	VNAME	Returns the name of the specified variable
	VNAMEX	Validates the value of the specified argument as a variable name
	VTYPE	Returns the type (character or numeric) of the specified variable
	VTYPEX	Returns the type (character or numeric) for the value of the specified argument
Web Tools	HTMLDECODE	Decodes a string containing HTML numeric character references or HTML character entity references and returns the decoded string
	HTMLENCODE	Encodes characters using HTML character entity references and returns the encoded string
	URLDECODE	Returns a string that was decoded using the URL escape syntax
	URLENCODE	Returns a string that was encoded using the URL escape syntax

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