Conceptual Outline
Geographic information systems (GIS) are powerful tools for performing spatial analysis and problem solving based on assessing locational characteristics of phenomena. In the case of nuclear power generating facilities, GIS can be utilized to examine multiple levels of criteria to comprehend a better understanding of the spatial relationships that may effect or be affected by the development of such large scale infrastructure projects. The GIS software applications ArcGIS and IDRISI were utilized for this project with the spatial analysis emphasis primary centered around the use of IDRISI.
This research aimed to determine suitable locations for a new nuclear power plant facility in northern British Columbia. Although British Columbia uses mainly hydroelectricity generating power stations to provide energy to the province, a nuclear facility may be considered as a possible alternative energy option in the future. The spatial area of investigation is focused on four regional districts in the central and northeastern sector of the province: Northern Rockies, Peace River, Bulkley-Nechako and Fraser-Fort George (Figure 2.1). Through the use of GIS, the primary objective of this research is to determine the most optimal location for a nuclear power plant based on a multi-criteria analysis. By weighting a series of different spatially referenced criteria, certain locations can be enhanced or detracted to establish suitability. Through the combination of a series of weighted criteria, an appropriate location (assuming one exists) for development can be derived.
The development of infrastructure sites such as a nuclear power plant will have significant effects on a large number of local and regional populations in Northern British Columbia (Hartog et al, 1989). Therefore, a number of criteria must be examined in order to reduce impacts on local environments, while benefiting the region with new employment and providing energy needs to the province (Hartog et al, 1989). This research attempts to identify individuals directly involved with its construction and operation, portions of the population who may be indirectly affected, and those who require or prefer a certain distance separations from this type of industry such as First Nation reserves and outdoor public regions such as provincial parks. Environmental considerations and vulnerable species and ecosystems must also be addressed in order to reduce the likelihood of environmental degradation (Hartog et al, 1989).
There are several implications of this analysis in both the public and privates spheres. This research could be used by those involved in the development and operation of the facilities such as private firms engaged in its implementation and other stakeholders who have an interest assessing not only the needs of a plant, but also how its physical location affects its surroundings. Those concerned with environmental conservation and mitigation purposes might also use this kind of research to determine possible impacts based on geographic location (Nuclear Energy Agency, 2006). Finally, this research may be utilized by governmental agencies or public utilities in order to balance the needs of the province with environmental conservation practices in order to establish laws, regulations or requirements in the construction of nuclear power services.