The PROC GPRINT statement identifies
the external file to be converted
to graphics output. Optionally, specifies the text color, a destination catalog
for graphics output, and an Annotate data set.
PROC GPRINT FILEREF=fileref
<option(s)>;
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option(s) can be one or more of the
following:
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ANNOTATE=Annotate-data-set
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DESCRIPTION='entry-description'
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GOUT=<libref.>output-catalog
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-
FILEREF=fileref
- specifies the fileref that is associated
with the external file that will be used as input to the GPRINT procedure.
Fileref must have been previously defined in a FILENAME statement
or host command.
Options in the PROC GPRINT statement affect all graphs
that
the statement produces. You can specify as many options as you want and list
them in any order.
-
ANNOTATE=Annotate-data-set
ANNO=Annotate-data-set
- specifies a data set to annotate the output
that the GPRINT procedure produces.
-
CTEXT=text-color
- specifies the color in which the procedure
displays the text from the input file.
If you do not use the CTEXT= option, a color specification
is searched for in the following order:
- the CTEXT= option in a GOPTIONS statement
- the default, the
first color in the colors list.
The CTEXT= option in the PROC GPRINT statement does
not affect titles and footnotes generated by TITLE and FOOTNOTE definitions.
-
DESCRIPTION='entry-description'
DES='entry-description'
- specifies the description of the catalog
entry for the chart. The maximum length for entry-description
is 40 characters. The description does not appear on the chart. By default,
the GPRINT procedure assigns the description OUTPUT FROM PROC GPRINT.
-
GOUT=<libref.>output-catalog
- specifies the SAS catalog in which to save
the graphics output produced by the GPRINT procedure. If you omit the libref,
SAS/GRAPH looks for the catalog in the temporary library called WORK and creates
the catalog if it does not exist.
-
NAME='entry-name'
- specifies the name of the catalog entry
for the graph. The maximum length for entry-name is 8 characters.
The default name is GPRINT. If the specified name duplicates the name of
an existing entry, SAS/GRAPH software adds a number to the duplicate name
to create a unique entry, for example, GPRINT1.
-
NOCC
- tells the procedure that the external text
file does not contain carriage-control characters. If you include the NOCC
option, the procedure assumes that the first character on each line of the
input file is a text character and not a carriage-control character. If you
omit the NOCC option, the characters in column one are read as carriage-control
characters. If they are valid carriage-control characters, the GPRINT procedure
recognizes and executes them. If they are not valid carriage-control characters,
the GPRINT procedure issues an error message.
-
O
- causes a 0 (numeric zero) to be converted
to the letter O in the output. This option circumvents the use of a numeric
zero with an interior slash that is present on some devices.
The size of SAS output (or other text) in columns and rows and
the size of graphics output are independently controlled. Depending on the
result you want, you can do either of the following:
- Adjust the size of your SAS output (or other text)
to fit the available space on your graph.
- Adjust the dimensions of the graphics output area
and the size of the cells within the graphics output area to control the size
of the characters that are displayed as graphics output by the GPRINT procedure.
You can adjust the size (columns and rows) of any other
external text file that you use as input to the GPRINT procedure. Although
the following sections explain how to adjust the size of SAS output, the general
process can be applied to any text file.
SAS output prints in pages. The length (in number of rows)
and the width (in number of columns) of the page are determined by the PAGESIZE=
and LINESIZE= options, respectively. Each character of SAS output occupies
one column of space in a row (one cell), as shown in SAS Output Size.
SAS Output Size
![[IMAGE]](./images/01329338.gif)
Graphics output is drawn
in the graphics output area, which
is also divided into cells. The overall dimensions of the graphics output
area (width and height) are determined by the values of the device parameters
XMAX and YMAX. These values, which determine the aspect ratio of the graphics
output area, can be temporarily reduced with the HSIZE= and VSIZE= graphics
options.
The number of columns and rows that fill the area is determined
by the values of the LCOLS or PCOLS and LROWS or PROWS device parameters.
These values, which determine the size and aspect ratio of a cell, can be
temporarily altered with the HPOS= and VPOS= graphics options. The more columns
and rows there are in a given area, the smaller the cells are. Therefore,
using HPOS= and VPOS= to change the number of columns and rows also changes
the size of the cells and may change the size of the characters. However,
it does not affect the overall dimensions of the graph. For details, see Maintaining the aspect ratio of cells.
See
Procedure Output and the Graphics Output Area
for a complete description of the graphics output area. See SAS/GRAPH Programs for more information on
device parameters and graphics options.
When you use
the GPRINT procedure to convert SAS output to graphics
output, you may need to manipulate the dimensions of either or both to get
the proper size characters in the graphics output and to avoid truncating
lines. Adjustment may be necessary in the following situations:
- If the number of rows per page in the SAS output
(PAGESIZE=) exceeds the number of rows in the graphics output area (LROWS
or PROWS), then the GPRINT procedure produces additional pages of graphics
output.
- If the number of rows per page in the SAS output
(PAGESIZE=) is much less than the number of rows in the graphics output area
(LROWS or PROWS), then the output does not fill the graphics output area.
- If the width of a line of SAS output (LINESIZE=)
exceeds the number of columns in the graphics output area (LCOLS or PCOLS),
then the GPRINT procedure truncates the line.
- If the width of SAS output (LINESIZE=) is much
less than the number of columns in the graphics output area (LCOLS or PCOLS),
then the output does not fill the graphics output area.
You can adjust the size of the SAS output or the size
of the graphics output, or both.
The following steps show you how to use the PAGESIZE= and LINESIZE= options
to adjust the page size of the SAS output to fit the size of the graphics
output area.
-
Use the
GDEVICE procedure to determine the number of rows (LROWS
or PROWS) and the number of columns (LCOLS or PCOLS) on the graphics device
that you intend to use. See The GDEVICE Procedure
for details.
- Determine the number of columns and rows that
you are going to use for SAS/GRAPH titles and footnotes. (If you specify height
in units of CELLS, each unit of height equals one row.)
- Use the OPTIONS statement to set the PAGESIZE=
option equal to the number of rows on the device minus the number of positions
to be used by TITLE and FOOTNOTE definitions. Set the LINESIZE= option equal
to the number of columns on the device minus the number of positions used
by titles and footnotes if the titles and footnotes are positioned vertically.
- Produce the SAS output.
The following steps show you how to use the HPOS= and VPOS=
graphics options to adjust the number of columns and rows in the graphics
output area on the output device so that it can accommodate the page size
of your SAS output.
- Determine the number of columns (LINESIZE=) and
rows (PAGESIZE=) in the SAS output.
- Use the GOPTIONS statement to set the VPOS= graphics
option equal to the number of rows in the SAS output plus the number of rows
to be used by TITLE and FOOTNOTE definitions. Set the HPOS= graphics option
equal to the number of columns in the SAS output plus the number of columns
to be used by titles and footnotes if the titles and footnotes are positioned
vertically.
- Produce the GPRINT output.
Similarly, adjusting the overall dimensions of the graphics
output area with the HSIZE= and VSIZE= graphics options may affect the size
and possibly the aspect ratio of the cells.
Note:
Changing the values of the HPOS= and VPOS= graphics options
changes the size of the cells and consequently of characters in the output.
On devices with nonscalable hardware fonts, changing the aspect ratio with
HPOS= and VPOS= causes the Simulate font to be used instead of hardware characters.
However, if you specify software fonts, the change in aspect ratio may be
ignored. See Using Fonts
and Using Hardware Fonts
for more information. ![[cautionend]](../common/images/cautend.gif)
If you change the values of the HPOS= and VPOS= graphics options
to control the size of characters or to match the rows and columns of the
external text file, you should try to maintain the same ratio of columns to
rows as the original values of the device parameters. For example, suppose
you have SAS output with 50 columns and 10 rows, and a graphics device that
has 80 columns and 32 rows. The aspect ratio of the device is 5:2. If you
print 10 rows of output on a device with 32 rows, you will have 22 blank lines.
You can reduce the number of blank lines and increase the size of the characters
by reducing the number of rows in the graphics output area with VPOS=. If,
in addition to the 10 rows of output, you allow four lines of space for titles
and two lines of space for a footnote, you need a total of 16 rows. Therefore,
assigning a value of 20 to VPOS= should produce readable text and plenty of
space. If VPOS=20, setting HPOS= to 50 retains the original aspect ratio
of the device (80:32 or 5:2).
Note that this method allows space for titles and footnotes
in terms of rows; the actual size of the titles and footnotes depends on the
height specification you use. Using the unit CELLS to define the height of
titles and footnotes makes it easier to calculate precisely how much space
is available.
By default, the GPRINT procedure uses the default hardware
font
with a height of 1 cell to display the text from the external file. However,
if you specify a nonscalable hardware font, SAS/GRAPH may use the Simulate
font instead. See SAS/GRAPH Fonts
for details.
Font and height specifications for titles and footnotes
are determined by the TITLE and FOOTNOTE definitions. See TITLE, FOOTNOTE, and NOTE Statements for
details.
To specify a font and height for the text, use the FTEXT= and
HTEXT= graphics options. If you specify a software font, it is best to use
a uniform font such as Swiss Uniform so that your text will be evenly spaced.
- CAUTION:
- Changes in the aspect ratio of cells made with the HPOS= and VPOS=
graphics options are ignored if you specify software fonts. Change the aspect
ratio in the device entry if you want the software characters proportioned
to fit the new aspect ratio.
If you specify a software font and change the aspect
ratio of the cells with the HPOS= and VPOS= graphics options, the change in
aspect ratio is ignored and the procedure continues to draw the font in the
original proportions. As a result, your text may not fit the graphics output
area.
However, if you want the software characters to reflect a change
in aspect ratio or if you want the characters to fit the new aspect ratio
even if they are distorted, use the LCOLS or PCOLS and LROWS or PROWS device
parameters in the device entry to change the aspect ratio of the cells. Using
the device entry to specify a change in the aspect ratio enables you to distort
the characters. See The GDEVICE Procedure
for more information on changing device parameters.
Copyright 1999 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.
