Spatial Analysis:
The constraints and factors mentioned previously were used in a multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) to determine the best location to build a new police station in the city of Surrey, BC. The purpose of the multi-Criteria evaluation (MCE) is to combine a set of criteria to include and exclude certain features in order to obtain a single composite so a decision according to a specific objective can be made. For this project a pairwise comparison matrix using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to compare the importance for each of the factors included in consideration. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) works by comparing what is of highest importance to what is lowest importance for each factor. A certain amount of weight is then given to each factor, where the sum of all the weights added together should equal a total of 1. The pairwise comparison compares what factors are more important compared to others. For instances, how important is total crimes compared to unemployment rates or how important is the location of existing police station compared to locations of bus routes. In the pairwise comparison matrix the higher the value the more importance the factors have. The value of 9 is extremely high, where as the value of 1/9 is extremely low. The following table below shows the pairwise comparison which compares the nine factors that were used: average income, unemployment rate, total crimes, existing police stations, schools, bus routes, waterways, skytrain station, and landuse factors. |
avginc_fuzzy |
unemp_fuzzy |
crimefuzzy |
policefuzzy |
schoolfuzzy |
busfuzzy |
waterfuzzy |
skystationfuzzy |
landfuzzy |
|
avginc_fuzzy | 1 |
||||||||
unemp_fuzzy | 3 |
1 |
|||||||
crimefuzzy | 5 |
3 |
1 |
||||||
policefuzzy | 7 |
1/3 |
1/3 |
1 |
|||||
schoolfuzzy | 1 |
1/5 |
1/3 |
1/3 |
1 |
||||
busfuzzy | 1/3 |
1/3 |
1/5 |
1/7 |
1 |
1 |
|||
waterfuzzy | 1/3 |
1/5 |
1/5 |
1/3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
skystationfuzzy | 1/3 |
1/3 |
1/5 |
1/3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
landfuzzy | 1 |
1/3 |
1/3 |
1/3 |
3 |
3 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
The eigenvector of weights is: | |
avginc_fuzzy : |
0.0724 |
unemp_fuzzy : |
0.2032 |
crimefuzzy : |
0.2849 |
policefuzzy : |
0.1804 |
schoolfuzzy : |
0.0470 |
busfuzzy : |
0.0375 |
waterfuzzy : |
0.0369 |
skystationfuzzy : |
0.0410 |
landfuzzy : |
0.0967 |
Consistency ratio = 0.07 | |
Consistency is acceptable. |
As a result of the pairwise comparison and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a larger amount of weight was given to factors such as total crimes, existing police station, and unemployment, compared to the other factors in consideration. A larger weight was given to these factors because these factors are highly linked to the topic of police and locating a new police station. Follow the "Results" link to observe the final result after reclass. The following image shows the final MCE result for the most suitable locations for locating a new police station in the city of Surrey, but the following map result is not reclassed. |