Economic Prehistory

I have worked on numerous projects in economic prehistory with Clyde Reed since about 2003. Much of our research has been funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, with contributions from the Human Evolutionary Studies Program (HESP) at SFU.

Our main publication is a book called Economic Prehistory: Six Transitions That Shaped The World from Cambridge University Press (2022).

Here is the publisher's description of the book:

Around 15,000 years ago, most humans lived in small mobile foraging bands. The first city-states appeared about 5000 years ago. This radical transformation in human society laid the foundations for the modern world. This book uses economic logic and archaeological evidence to explain six key elements of this revolution: sedentism, agriculture, inequality, warfare, cities, and states. The authors posit that the ultimate cause of these events was climate change. They show how shifts in climate interacted with geography to drive technological innovation and population growth. The accumulation of population at especially rich locations led to the creation of group property rights over land and warfare over land among rival elites. This set the stage for urbanization and for elite-controlled states based on taxation. These developments eventually resulted in contemporary global civilization. This ambitious book is the first to provide a rigorous, yet accessible, analysis of economic change in prehistory.

The book includes formal economic models, but the overall narrative can be easily followed by archaeologists, anthropologists, political scientists, sociologists, historians, and general readers. More than half of the chapters are new, and the others are extensively rewritten versions of our articles from economics journals. The book is more interdisciplinary than our journal articles and the literature reviews are more complete.

Click here to download the proofs of formal propositions for the above book (this is a PDF with 140 pages).

For people interested in the original articles, here are the links:

The economics of early inequality (with Clyde G. Reed), Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 378(1883), August 14, 2023, published online June 26, 2023, DOI 10.1098/rstb.2022.0293.

The economics of early warfare over land (with Leanna Mitchell and Clyde G. Reed), Journal of Development Economics 127, July 2017, 297-305; published online April 25, 2017, DOI 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2017.04.002.

Click here to download the mathematical appendix for the above article.

The economics of exogamous marriage in small-scale societies (with Clyde G. Reed and Simon Woodcock), Economic Inquiry 54(4), October 2016, 1805-1823; published online February 23, 2016, DOI 10.1111/ecin/12321.

The origins of sedentism: Climate, population, and technology (with Clyde G. Reed), Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 119, November 2015, 56-71; published online August 27, 2015, DOI 10.1016/j.jebo.2015.07.007.

Click here to download the mathematical appendix for the above article.

The origins of inequality: Insiders, outsiders, elites, and commoners (with Clyde G. Reed), Journal of Political Economy 121(3), June 2013, 609-641.

Click here to download the mathematical appendix for the above article.

Stagnation and innovation before agriculture (with Clyde G. Reed), Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 77(3), March 2011, 339-350.

Click here to download the mathematical appendix for the above article.

Climate reversals and the transition to agriculture (with Clyde G. Reed and Nancy Olewiler), Journal of Economic Growth 14(1), March 2009, 27-53.

A 2005 working paper has a parameterized version of the model in our 2009 JEG article on agriculture. Click here to download this version.

The Second Conference on Early Economic Developments was held at Simon Fraser University on July 24-26, 2009. For a copy of the conference program, click here