Overview

Description

CALENDAR DESCRIPTION:

An advanced treatment of specific topics related to the study of organic compounds. Topics which will be discussed will vary from one term to the next.

COURSE DETAILS:

Please note, this course outline was accurate at the time of publication but is subject to change.

Mode of Teaching:
3 lecture hours/week
Lecture: In-person at Burnaby campus

With lectures of 1.5 hours twice a week, the course will attempt to introduce students to the real world of drug discovery and the pivotal role that medicinal chemistry plays in the process. The course will be a mixture of theoretical background and real world illustrative examples. There will be a number of guest lectures from practicing medicinal chemists who will provide case histories of programs of drug discovery. All students will be expected to select an area of published research in medicinal chemistry and to prepare a written review synopsis of the field generally with particular emphasis on a key discovery paper or drug. Post-graduate students will be expected to also present their synopsis orally in one of two sessions during the course, either just after the midterm break an exam or in the last week at the end of the course. Reports should be comprehensive but concise with maximum of 5 pages (plus figures and references). Presentations should be 15 minutes and with 5 minutes for questions. Presentation times will be adjusted depending on enrollment.

Outline: Topics
1. Introduction:
1.1 What is a drug? A drug target; some history of drug discovery; natural products; selection of assignments
1.2 Elements of Drug Discovery: Models of disease; Reverse Pharmacology;
1.3 History of anti-inflammatories; Clinic to Models to genes.

2. Target Identification
2.1 Methods of identification and validation of Drug targets; genetic analysis; knockout mice, antisense and siRNA.
2.2 Affinity labeling; 2.3 Other drug targets: Ion channels; Transporters as Drug targets;

3 Lead Discovery:
3.1 Screening; assay design; high throughput screening;
3.2 Lead Modification: Pharmacophores; Bioisosteres; Libraries; SAR; QSAR; Combinatorial Chemistry.
3.3 Lead Modification: Binding Phenomena; Peptides to Peptoids; Conformational restriction

4. Receptors as targets for Drug discovery:
4.1 What are receptors and what do they do? Signal transduction; receptor kinetics; agonists and antagonists; receptor reserve; receptor substypes; opioids; prostaglandins;
4.2 Discovery of SingulairTM; an antagonist of the Leukotriene D4 receptor

5. Enzymes as Drug Targets:
5.1 Types of enzymes and types of inhibitors; mechanism based; irreversible; reversible; allosteric
5.2 Story of inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activating factor.
5.3 Story of Inhibitors of Proteases such as Cathepsin K and Januvia

6 Pharmacokinetics, Distribution, Drug Metabolism and Toxicity:
6.1 Types of metabolism; primary and secondary; sites of metabolism
6.2 Issues of metabolism on drug viability, inter-individual variability, toxicity
6.3 Animal models and prediction of human kinetics; Oral absorption; Modeling pharmacokinetics
6.4 Prodrugs; enhanced absorption; tissue targeting
6.5 Transporters and biodistribution; The blood-brain-barrier.
6.6 Drug-drug interactions

7. The future of drug discovery
7.1 Personalized medicine
7.2 Targeted delivery
7.3 siRNA and micro RNA

Assignments: Students will pick a topic from a list provided or may suggest a topic on their own to be approved in advance by Prof. Young. Presentation dates may be chosen but if necessary will be assigned. Presentations must be posted to the course website before they are due or presented to the class and will be possible subject matter for the final exam.

Combined undergraduate course: CHEM 459 - Special Topics in Organic Chemistry (3)

COURSE-LEVEL EDUCATIONAL GOALS:

The central educational objective of this course is to provide students with a clear view of the analytical tools available to help with complex organic chemistry structure elucidation challenges, and to provide students with strategies for selecting the correct analytical approach to solve complex structural problems. To accomplish this, students will be trained in the theory of signal generation, details of hardware design and optimization, in-depth discussion of expeirmental metods theory of signal generation, details of hardware design and optimization, in-depth discussion of experimental methods, using a variety of hardware configurations, and theoretical and practical exposure to selecting and implementing these analytical tools for structure elucidaiton.  At the end of the course, students sould be well versed in all of the modern complex structure elucidation problems.

Grading

Materials

RECOMMENDED READING:

REQUIRED READING NOTES: